“浊上变去”与“浊音清化”  

Tone Change from Voiced Shang(上) to Voiced Qu(去) and Initial Change of Devoicing Process

作　　者：夏俐萍[1] XIA Li-ping(Institute of Linguistics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《语言研究》2019年第1期76-83,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要："浊上变去"与"浊音清化"是中古以来最为重要的两条音变规律。结合历史文献和现代汉语方言的事实来看,"浊上变去"与"浊音清化"之间具备逻辑上的先后顺序,"浊上变去"在先,"浊音清化"在后。这一顺序使得声母和声调之间出现了相互制约的关系,表现为两个方面:一方面,"浊上变去"止步于"浊音清化",由于浊上变去体现出来的扩散式音变,使得浊上字的演变出现"残余";另一方面,完成"浊上变去"的方言浊音清化后,全浊上、去声字送气不送气表现一致,而未完成"浊上变去"的方言,浊音清化后,全浊上、去声字送气不送气呈现多样性。Tone change from voiced Shang(上) to voiced Qu(去), and initial change from voiced consonant to voiceless counterpart are two most important phonological rules since Tang Dynasty. Data from historical papers and modern dialectal materials show such a logical order, that is, tone change from voiced Shang(上) to voiced Qu(去) takes place before the devoicing process of voiced initials. This logical order brings about two relational factors:(1) the tone change from voiced Shang(上) to voiced Qu(去) is stopped as soon as the emergence of devoicing of voiced Shang(上) syllables.(2) the lexical diffusion of tone change from voiced Shang(上) to voiced Qu(去) leads to the residues of non-changed forms, on the other hand, after turning to Qu(去) tone syllables, the voiced Shang(上) syllables and Qu(去) syllables have the same aspirated/unaspirated patterns after devoicing, and the Shang(上) syllables which didn’t turn to Qu(去) syllables have the different aspirated patterns after devoicing.

关 键 词：浊上变去 浊音清化 扩散式音变 送气/不送气 

分 类 号：H116[语言文字—汉语]