干旱胁迫条件下信阳五月鲜桃光合特性和生理生化指标变化规律研究  

A Study on Photosythetic Charactristics and Physiological & Biochemical Charactristics Changes of Xinyang May Peach Under Drought Stress

作　　者：阎腾飞[1] 黄玉杰[1] 李文杨[1] 杨乐[1] 赵师成[1] YAN Teng-fei;HUANG Yu-jie;LI Wen-yang;YANG Le;ZHAO Shi-cheng(Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳农林学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2019年第1期45-48,56,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(172102110128);信阳农林学院重点学科培育学科建设项目(ZDXK201706)

摘　　要：以2年生信阳五月鲜桃幼树为试材,在盆栽条件下自然干旱形成水分梯度对信阳五月鲜桃幼树光合特性和生理生化特性进行研究,试验结果表明:信阳五月鲜桃光合速率日变化在清晨8∶00最大,随后逐渐下降,在中午14∶00降到最低,之后出现回升,有明显的"午休"现象;信阳五月鲜桃光合速率变化与蒸腾速率、气孔导度、叶片温度和胞间CO2浓度具有密切的关系;当土壤相对含水量大于55.7%时,信阳五月鲜桃光合速率降低的主要因素是气孔因素,当土壤相对含水量低于55.7%时,信阳五月鲜桃光合速率降低的主要因素是非气孔因素。当土壤相对含水量大于55.7%时,信阳五月鲜桃渗透调节物质不断积累,以SOD为主导的细胞保护酶系统活性增强,植株抗旱性机制明显提高。当土壤相对含水量低于55.7%时,水分亏缺加重,渗透调节能力减弱,质膜系统遭到破坏,质膜过氧化。Using two-year-old Xinyang May peach as test material,the photosynthetic characteristics and physiological and biochemical characteristics are studied under the pot conditions of natural drought forming a water gradient.The results show that:the daily change of photosynthetic rate of Xinyang May peach reaches the largest at 8∶00,then gradually decreases and drops to the lowest at 14∶00,and then rebounds,there is a clear phenomenon of lunch break;the photosynthetic rate of Xinyang May peach is closely related to transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,leaf temperature and intercellular CO2 concentration;when the relative soil water content is more than 55.7%,the main factor for the decrease of photosynthesis rate of Xinyang May peach is stomatal factor;when the relative soil water content is lower than 55.7%,the main factor for the decrease of photosynthesis rate of Xinyang May peach is non-stomatal factor;when the relative soil water content is more than 55.7%,the osmotic adjustment substance of Xinyang May peach is continuously accumulated,the cell-protecting enzyme system with SOD-dominated is enhanced,and the mechanism of drought resistance of Xinyang May peach is obviously improved;when the relative soil water content is lower than 55.7%,the water deficit is aggravated,the osmotic adjustment ability is weakened and the plasma membrane system is destroyed and peroxidized.

关 键 词：信阳五月鲜桃 光合特性 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程] S662.1[农业科学—农业工程]