斑点追踪成像技术在评价心肌运动异常中的应用进展  

Advances in the application of speckle tracking imaging in the evaluation of myocardial abnormalities

作　　者：徐菁菁 田瑞霞[2] XU Jing-jing;TIAN Rui-xia(Department of Ultrasound,the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Province Hospital),Hefei,Anhui 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)超声科,安徽合肥230001 [2]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第901医院(原解放军第105医院)超声科,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2019年第2期276-279,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：南京军区医药卫生科研基金资助项目(2011MA043)

摘　　要：心肌疾病是指心肌结构改变和室壁功能受损,导致心肌运动异常和心脏功能进行性障碍的一组心血管疾病,常并发心律失常、心衰,甚至心源性猝死,影响患者生活质量,危害人类健康。因此,通过无创、便捷、有效的检查手段,及时发现心肌运动异常的改变尤为重要。超声心动图因其经济、无创、简便、可重复等优势,成为目前临床观察心肌运动、评价心功能情况的重要检查手段。随着科学技术的快速发展,超声心动图中各种新技术的应用也日新月异,其中,以斑点追踪成像技术尤为突出。斑点追踪成像技术通过识别心肌的声学斑点来完成对心肌运动的轨迹追踪,分析心肌的形变,动态观察心脏运动情况及血流动力学改变,从而评估心肌局部和整体的收缩与舒张功能。与局限于评价心脏整体功能的传统超声技术相比,斑点追踪成像技术更能反映局部心肌功能,且其不受声束方向与室壁运动方向间夹角的影响,无角度依赖性,对评估心肌运动及心脏功能有较高的准确性,临床价值更为可观。本文旨在综述斑点追踪成像技术的理论基础及其在心肌疾病中的临床应用进展。Myocardial disease is a group of cardiovascular diseases that are impaired by cardiac structure and wall function,leading to abnormal cardiac movement and progressive cardiac dysfunction.It often complicates arrhythmia,heart failure and even sudden cardiac death,which affects the quality of life and human health.Therefore,it is particularly important to discover the change of myocardial abnormality through non-invasive,convenient and effective examination.Because of its economic,non-invasive,simple,repeatable and other advantages,echocardiography has become an important examination method for clinical observation of myocardial movement and evaluation of cardiac function.With the rapid development of science and technology,the application of various new technologies in echocardiography is also rapidly changing.Among them,speckle tracking imaging technology is particularly prominent.Speckle tracking imaging tracks cardiac motion by identifying acoustic spots on the myocardium,analyzing myocardial deformation,and dynamically observing cardiac motion and hemodynamic changes to assess myocardial systolic and diastolic functions locally and globally.Compared with the traditional ultrasound technique,which is limited to evaluating the overall function of the heart,speckle tracking imaging can better reflect the local myocardial function and is independent of angle between the beam direction and the wall motion direction.Myocardial movement and cardiac function have higher accuracy and the clinical value is more impressive.This article aims to review the theoretical basis of speckle tracking imaging and its clinical application in myocardial disease.

关 键 词：斑点追踪成像技术 心肌运动 应变 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R540.4[医药卫生—诊断学]