趋近化理论视域下的政治话语合法化分析——以特朗普的移民政策为例  

Analyzing Legitimization in Political Discourse from the Perspective of Proximization Theory: A Case Study of Trump’s Immigration Policy

作　　者：武建国[1] 牛振俊 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学

出　　处：《中国外语》2018年第6期48-53,共6页Foreign Languages in China

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"中国当代大众语篇中的篇际互文性研究"(13CYY089);中央高校基本科研业务费重大项目"新时代中华文化走出去的语境重构策略研究"(X2WYC2180070)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：政治话语在把政治愿望转化为社会行动的过程中发挥着重要作用。鉴此,本文基于Cap(2006, 2008, 2014, 2017)的趋近化理论与van Dijk(2001, 2006a, 2006b)的社会认知模型,以特朗普的移民政策为例,分析了移民话语的语篇特征和其采取的合法化策略,即空间趋近化、时间趋近化和价值趋近化,以及合法化策略得以达成预期语用效果的背后原因。研究表明:移民话语表现为两极分化,即强调"我们"(美国人)好的事情和"他们"(外国人)坏的事情,并且运用趋近化策略将"他们"坏的事情向"我们"趋近,形成强烈的冲突;而"我们"基于自身所处的社会及其形成的社会认知对移民话语的主观阐释是使得移民政策合法化的深层原因。希望本文能为政治话语合法化分析提供一个新的视角,以帮助我们更好地理解和完善趋近化理论。Political discourse plays a crucial role in transforming political wishes into social actions.In view of this,the present paper,based on Cap’s(2006,2008,2014,2017) proximization theory and van Dijk’s(2001,2006 a,2006 b) social cognitive model,takes Trump’s immigration policy as an example,and explores the textual features of immigration discourse and the involved legitimization strategies,namely,spacial proximization,temporal proximization,and axiological proximization,as well as the underlying reasons for successfully achieving expected pragmatic effects.It is found that the immigration discourse shows polarization by emphasizing "our"(Americans’)good things and "their"(Foreigners’)bad things,and proximizes "their" bad things to us through proximization strategies so as to construct conflicts.However,the underlying reason for achieving legitimization is "our" subjective understanding of immigration discourse based on American society and its social cognition.It is hoped that this paper can offer a new perspective for the legitimization analysis of political discourse so as to help us to better understand and thereby improve proximization theory.

关 键 词：趋近化 社会认知模型 合法化 政治话语 移民政策 

分 类 号：H0-06[语言文字—语言学]