国际难民制度“变”与“不变”的问题思考——兼论国际难民事务的中国立场  

Reflections on the “Changed” and “Unchanged” Issues of the International Refugee System——On the Chinese Position of International Refugee Affairs

作　　者：郝鲁怡[1] HAO Lu-yi

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院国际法研究所

出　　处：《北方法学》2019年第1期130-139,共10页Northern Legal Science

摘　　要：国家切实遵守并有效执行1951年《关于难民地位的公约》、维护国际难民制度的稳定已经在国际社会形成共识。主权原则是国际难民制度的建构基础,同时,人权的普遍性与包容性为加强难民权利的保护提供了更广泛的法律基础。通过方法与路径的调适对突破国际难民制度的固有局限具有深远的意义。当前,复杂严峻的难民现实情势向国际难民制度提出挑战。在法律层面,国际难民法、国际人权法、国际人道法提供硬性法律框架,促进对国家的监督与问责,提升向难民的赋权与保障并拓展国际机构的行动空间。在实践层面,应推动"软法"意义上的国际合作,超越国家分野、整合多方资源,尽可能地动员广泛的利益攸关方参与分担难民责任。The consensus has been reached on the international community level to implement and effectively enforce the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and to maintain the stability of the international refugee system. The international refugee regime is based on the principle of state sovereignty.Nevertheless,the universality and inclusiveness of human rights provide a broader legal basis for strengthening the protection of refugee rights through the adaptation of methods and pathways which has far-reaching implications to break through the inherent limitations of the international refugee system. To address the plight of refugees,International Refugee Law,International Human Rights Law and International Humanitarian Law may establish a "rigid"legal framework for strengthening refugee protection through functional complementarity and conceptual integration,in order to strengthen oversight and accountability of the state,enhance the empowerment of refugees and expand the space for action by international agencies. Meanwhile,international cooperation in the sense of "soft law",which transcends national boundaries and integrates multiple resources,should be promoted to mobilize a wide range of stakeholders to participate in the sharing of refugee responsibilities.

关 键 词：难民 不可推回原则 人权 难民责任分担 

分 类 号：DF982[政治法律—国际法学]