海洋与台风相互作用研究进展  

Progress and perspective on interactions between ocean and typhoon

作　　者：周磊[1,2] 陈大可[2] 雷小途[3] 王伟[4] 王桂华[5] 韩桂军 Lei Zhou;Dake Chen;Xiaom Lei;Wei Wang;Guihua Wang;Guijun Han(Institute of Oceanography,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China;State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics,Second Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Hangzhou 310012,China;Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration,Shanghai 200030,China;Physical Oceanography Laboratory,Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology,Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003,China;Institute of Atmospheric Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Information Technology,State Oceanic Administration,National Marine Data and Information Service, State Oceanic Administration,Tianjing 300171,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学海洋研究院,上海200030 [2]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室,杭州310012 [3]中国气象局上海台风研究所,上海200030 [4]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室,青岛266003 [5]复旦大学大气科学研究院,上海200438 [6]国家海洋信息中心国家海洋局海洋环境信息保障技术重点实验室,天津300171

出　　处：《科学通报》2019年第1期60-72,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB430300);全球变化与海气相互作用专项(GASI-IPOVAI-04)资助

摘　　要：台风灾害是全球最主要的气象灾害之一.到目前为止,人们已经从大气科学的角度对台风进行了长期系统并且卓有成效的研究.但人们对台风过程中海洋的剧烈变化及其对台风的反馈仍然缺乏足够的认识,这也成为限制台风研究和预报水平的一个瓶颈问题.因此,海洋与台风在各种时空尺度上的相互作用机理及其对台风预报和短期气候趋势预测的贡献是当前国际海洋与大气科学研究的重大前沿课题.本文基于国家重点基础研究发展计划,总结了海洋与台风相互作用的最新研究成果,重点梳理了海洋中尺度过程对台风的影响与反馈、海洋与台风的低频相互作用及其对短期气候变化趋势的影响、台风过程中的海洋多源资料同化及利用海气耦合模式进行台风预报等若干方面的研究进展.最后,提出了今后在海洋与台风相互作用研究中需要关注和重点解决的若干关键科学问题.Typhoon is one of the most destructive natural disasters on the earth. A lot of fruitful research has been conducted, especially from the perspective of atmospheric sciences. During a typhoon, the ocean also undergoes dramatic variabilities, which can have significant feedbacks to the atmosphere and typhoon. Generally, the sea surface temperatures(SST) decrease and inertial oscillations are greatly enhanced. The fingerprints of typhoon on the ocean are not constrained to the local sea surface, but can be extended to the ocean interior and remote areas, which play an important role in the climate change on a much longer and larger spatiotemporal scales. In addition, the mesoscale eddy accounts for a large amount of kinetic energy in the ocean. Much progress has been achieved on the responses and feedbacks of ocean eddy to typhoon, but it remains a large uncertainty for the ocean-typhoon interaction. Particularly, the three-dimensional structure of ocean eddy during typhoon is unclear due to the lack of observations. Overall, so far, there have been no comprehensive understandings of the ocean-typhoon interactions, which are believed to be a bottleneck for improving the typhoon prediction. Therefore, the mechanisms of ocean-typhoon interactions at various spatiotemporal scales, as well as their contributions to the short-term and long-term typhoon forecast, have become a hot and challenging topic for both the oceanic and the atmospheric sciences. In this paper, recent progress in the ocean-typhoon interactions is reviewed, based on several collaborative projects in China. The foci are on the local responses and feedbacks between mesoscale variabilities in the upper ocean and typhoon, the ocean-typhoon interactions at low frequency and the impacts on global climate, data assimilation during typhoon, and typhoon forecast in the ocean-atmosphere coupled framework. The major challenge to the ocean-typhoon interactions resides in the lack of persistent and reliable observations, especially the synchronized observations

关 键 词：台风 中尺度涡 海洋次表层变化 多源数据同化 海气耦合预报 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]