高灵敏度热电偶在托里阿魏叶片的蒸腾流和蒸腾降温测定中的应用  

The application of high-sensitivity thermocouple in monitoring the sap flow and transpirational cooling in Ferula krylovii leaves

作　　者：张萍[1] 郝秀英[2] 于瑞凤 周红梅 朱建军[1] ZHANG Ping;HAO Xiu-ying;YU Rui-feng;ZHOU Hong-mei;ZHU Jian-jun(College of Life Sciences,Ludong University,Yantai 264025, Shandong,China;Institute of Applied Microbes,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264025 [2]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所,乌鲁木齐830001

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2019年第1期97-103,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31371540和31260080);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2012CM007)资助

摘　　要：研究尝试将高灵敏度热电偶用于植物径流测定,特别是用于常规茎流计难以测定的托里阿魏(Ferula krylovii)叶片的蒸腾流和蒸腾降温的测定。采用高灵敏度热电偶记录并分析比较了茎流热信号和叶片及大气温度的温度信号。结果表明:托里阿魏的茎流可以用热信号峰值或热信号峰下面积的积分表示,且后者所表示的茎流速度变化灵敏度更高;以茎流代表的托里阿魏叶片的蒸腾作用随着光强和气温的升高一直在快速增加,直到光强和温度下降时才开始下降,没有表现出对蒸腾作用的调节现象,说明托里阿魏是一种高耗水植物;托里阿魏叶片通过高蒸腾作用降温使叶片的温度始终低于(最低低于大气温度6℃)或等于大气温度,有效防止了叶片大量吸收太阳辐射可能导致的高温伤害,但也伴随着水分的大量消耗;用高灵敏度热电偶能够测定植物茎流,而且能够测定用普通茎流计难以测定的植物,且费用很低。We used high-sensitivity thermocouple was to monitor sap flow,especially for the sap flow and transpirational cooling in the leaves of Ferula krylovii,the measurement of which was difficult with the conventional sap flow meter. The thermal signals from sap flow,leaf temperature,and air temperature were recorded with high-sensitivity thermocouples. The results showed that the thermal signal of sap flow could be expressed either with the value of the thermal peak or with the areas below the thermal peak which showed a higher sensitivity. The transpiration rate in the leaves of F. krylovii increased quickly and steadily with the increases of light intensity and air temperature,and decreased only when light intensity and air temperature began to decrease. The fact that no sign of transpiration regulation was seen indicates that the F. krylovii was a highly water-consuming plant. The plant could maintain a temperature constantly below or equal to the air temperature through transpirational cooling,with a maximum decline of 6 ℃ in the leaves below the air temperature,thus effectively prevented the possible high temperature injury due to the absorption of high solar radiation at a price of large amount of water consumption. Our results indicated that the high-sensitivity thermocouples could be used not only in detecting sap flow,but also in cases that were difficult for the normal sap flow meters,with low cost.

关 键 词：托里阿魏 茎流 叶温 气温 蒸腾速率 热电偶 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]