尿液废水收集管道的结垢特性研究  

Characteristics of the scaling on urine collecting pipes

作　　者：陈诗华 李继云[2] 辛少菲 汪诚文[2] 徐康宁[1] Chen Shihua;Li Jiyun;Xin Shaofei;Wang Chengwen;Xu Kangning(Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Grid Dongying Electric Power Company, Dongying 257091,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水体污染源控制技术北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [2]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [3]国家电网东营供电公司,东营257091

出　　处：《给水排水》2019年第1期106-110,共5页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(2017ZY33);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目(2017Z003-F)

摘　　要：运行长达7年的源分离示范工程存在严重的尿液废水收集管道结垢问题,通过小试研究了管道结垢的影响因素,结果表明,小试与运行7年的管道表面垢成分基本相似,主要是钙和镁的磷酸盐难溶物。管道中脲酶量越大时,尿液废水氨化程度越高,管件上的结垢量越大,为降低结垢风险,需要尽可能地抑制尿素水解氨化过程。通过降低冲洗水量,或者使用硬度较低的冲洗水,能够降低管件上的结垢量,是切实有效的防垢措施。Serious scaling problems on urine collecting pipes were observed in a demonstration project of source separation system operating for seven years. Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the scaling characteristics. Results showed that the elemental composition of the scales in the experiments was similar to that in the demonstration project. The dominating precipitates of the scales were mainly calcium phosphate and magnesium phosphate. Higher content of urease in the collecting pipes induced higher ammonification rate of urea in fresh urine, thereby resulting in more formation of scales. Ammonification should be inhibited as much as possible to reduce the risk of scaling on the pipes. Furthermore, decrease in the flushing water or using flushing water with low hardness can diminish the formation of scales. This proposed efficient approaches to reduce the risk of scaling on urine collecting pipes.

关 键 词：源分离 尿液废水 管道 脲酶 结垢 

分 类 号：TU990.3[建筑科学—市政工程]