气体绝缘介质C_4F_7N的急性吸入毒性试验  

Acute Inhalation Toxicity Studies of Gas Insulating Medium C_4F_7N

作　　者：李祎[1] 张晓星[1] 陈琪[1] 肖淞[1] 傅明利 高亚东[3] LI Yi;ZHANG Xiaoxing;CHEN Qi;XIAO Song;FU Mingli;GAO Yadong(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Academy of Science of China Southern Power Grid,Guangzhou 510080,China;Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,武汉430072 [2]南方电网公司科学研究院,广州510080 [3]武汉大学中南医院,武汉430072

出　　处：《高电压技术》2019年第1期109-116,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：南方电网公司科技项目(GZJKJXM20170330)~~

摘　　要：目前针对新型气体绝缘介质C_4F_7N毒性的报道较少,为科研及工程应用的安全带来了隐患。利用气体绝缘介质毒性测试平台,研究了不同C_4F_7N体积分数下C_4F_7N和空气作为混合气体的急性吸入毒性,分析了大鼠在接触C_4F_7N气体后的生命体征变化情况,结合测试结果给出了科研及工程运维中C_4F_7N气体的防护建议。研究发现,大鼠在接触体积分数为1.5%的C_4F_7N气体后表现出由平静到活跃,再到亢奋、不安等症状,在该环境中暴露1h左右后丧失运动能力,眼睛微闭且无法自主活动,同时呼吸减慢、伴有抽搐等症状。大鼠在C_4F_7N体积分数为1%～1.5%的气体环境中暴露4 h后转入饲养环境观察,96 h后所有样本呼吸及运动系统恢复正常;大鼠在C_4F_7N体积分数为2%的气体环境中暴露4 h后转入饲养环境观察,14 d内有死亡个体出现。基于该研究得出的实验数据,C_4F_7N气体的LC50值(4 h,大鼠)在1.5%～2%之间。基于4 h的LC50值结果,C_4F_7N气体的急性毒性被归类为全球化学品统一分类和标签制度(GHS)中毒性最低的第4类。另外,目前在电力工业系统中对于SF6分解产物的工业卫生操作同样适用于C_4F_7N混合气体的分解产物。At present, there are few reports on the toxicity of the new type gas insulating medium C4F7N, which brings hidden trouble for the safety of scientific research and engineering application. Therefore, we explored the acute inhalation toxicity of C4F7N/air mixture gas with different C4F7N content using a gas toxicity test platform. The changes of vital signs of rats after exposure in C4F7N were analyzed. Combined with the test results, the protection suggestions for scientific researchers and equipment maintenance personnel were also discussed. We found that rats showed symptoms from calm to active, and then hyperactive and uneasy after exposed to 1.5% C4F7N. The rats lost their exercise capacity and cannot move independently after 1-h exposure. Their eyes were closed and the breathing rate is slow with convulsions and other symptoms. All the rats exposed to the gas environment with a C4F7N content of 1% to 1.5% for 4 hours and then transferred to the feeding environment returned to normal after 96 hours. The dead samples can be found after exposed to the gas environment with a 2% C4F7N for 4 hours and then subject to a 14-day recovery period. Based upon the data presented in the current study, the 4-hour LC50 of C4F7N is in the range of 1.5%-2%. Based upon the 4-hour exposure LC50 results, C4F7N gas is classified in Category 4 in the Globally Harmonized System(GHS) for acute toxicity. The industrial hygiene practices required to handle decomposed SF6 are similar to those required for decomposed C4F7N gas mixture.

关 键 词：气体绝缘介质 C4F7N 毒性 大鼠 SF6替代气体 

分 类 号：TM213[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] R99[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]