四川盆周山地重楼属植物药用资源的筛选及评价  

Screening and evaluation of three excellent Paris resources from mountain area of Sichuan Basin

作　　者：刘琴 樊小莉[1] 杨莉 徐智斌[1] 冯波[1] 王涛[1] LIU Qin;FAN Xiao-li;YANG Li;XU Zhi-bin;FENG Bo;WANG Tao(Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中草药》2019年第2期526-534,共9页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目"秦巴山区地道中药材多元化种植示范与推广"(2017SZ0020)

摘　　要：目的挖掘具有药用价值的优异重楼属植物资源,缓解药用重楼资源压力,为促进重楼的可持续利用提供材料基础。方法在四川盆周山地采集21份重楼资源,根据表型筛选出大块茎资源GQ与MH,多芽资源GK。初步形态鉴定后,利用DNA条形码ITS、psbA-trnH序列,采用Kimura双参数模型构建ML系统聚类树,进行系统发育分析。采用HPLC法检测其主要活性成分皂苷的含量,以预测其潜在药用价值。结果形态学结合分子鉴定结果表明,GQ、GK和MH分别依次为华重楼、滇重楼和长柱重楼。GQ、GK、MH和对照滇重楼(CK)的重楼皂苷Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ的含量及其比例表现各异,其中总含量表现为GQ>MH>CK>GK,重楼皂苷Ⅰ在GQ和MH中占比较高,分别较CK高出67.61%和73.25%,而重楼皂苷Ⅶ在GK中占比最高,表现为56.38%。结论 GQ、GK和MH分别为产于四川盆周山地特定居群的华重楼、滇重楼和长柱重楼,引种至成都平原后性状表现优良,为后续的重楼的育种研究提供了材料基础;同时3个资源均具药用潜力,其中长柱重楼MH居群资源的重楼皂苷Ⅰ及重楼皂苷总含量较高,为滇重楼、华重楼替代药材的筛选提供了新选择。Objective Mining Paris resources with medicinal value could underlay the breeding selection and relieve the pressure on wild resources.Methods Twenty-one Paris resources in the mountain area of Sichuan Basin were collected and selected according to their phenotype and rhizome features.Two resources GQ,MH with bigger rhizome and one resource(GK) with polygemmic feature were screened.After preliminary identification,based on Kimura-2-parameter model,molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the different sequence of ITS and psbA-trnH between the screened resources and the homologous sequences from NCBI using the MaximumLike(ML) method.Main active saponin was determinated by HPLC method to predict its potential medicinal value.Results GQ,GK,and MH were special resources of P.polyphylla var.chinensis,P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis,and P.forrestii,respectively,in mountains around Sichuan Basin.The content and proportion of polyphyllin Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ in GQ,GK,MH were different.The total content was GQ>MH>CK>GK.The proportion of polyphyllin Ⅰ in GQ and MH was 67.61% and 73.25% higher than CK,respectively.While the proportion of polyphyllin Ⅶ was most in GK(56.38%).Conclusion This study specified three Sichuan local Paris resources with excellent rhizome features.And they performed well after introduced to Chengdu Plain providing the material basis for the follow-up breeding study of Paris.Three resources have medicinal potential,especially the polyphyllin Ⅰ and polyphyllin content in MH(P.forrestii) is higher,which can provide a new choice for screening substitution materials of P.polyphylla var.chinensis and P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis.

关 键 词：重楼资源 华重楼 滇重楼 长柱重楼 ITS PSBA-TRNH 重楼皂苷Ⅰ 重楼皂苷Ⅱ 重楼皂苷Ⅵ 重楼皂苷Ⅶ 

分 类 号：R286.2[医药卫生—中药学]