地方公共资源与契约社区--多中心治理理论下的门禁社区研究  

LOCAL PUBLIC RESOURCES AND CONTRACTUAL COMMUNITY: A RESEARCH FRAMEWORK OF GATED COMMUNITY BASED ON THE THEORY OF POLYCENTRIC GOVERNANCE

作　　者：徐苗[1,2] 彭坤焘 杨震 XU Miao;PENG Kuntao;YANG Zhen

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院,山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室 [2]中国城市规划学会住房与社区规划学术委员会 [3]中国城市规划学会小城镇规划学术委员会

出　　处：《城市规划》2018年第12期67-75,共9页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51778076,51478056)部分研究成果.

摘　　要：关于门禁社区的争议实际上是市场与政府提供公共服务优劣性的二元困境、社会公平与经济效率的双向权衡在门禁社区问题上的延续。本文从新制度经济学的地方公共资源视角分析了门禁社区的契约社区本质和特征,论证并揭示了门禁形态的非必要性以及去门禁化的城市社会环境与制度前提。通过引入埃利诺·奥斯特罗姆的多中心治理理论,文章探讨了作为"公共领域的私有制"的门禁社区在道路、绿地与公共服务设施等地方社区公共资源营建进程中的角色及影响,进而围绕地方社区公共资源的良性发展,提出门禁社区研究急需回答的核心问题;并就我国现行城市规划体系提出可行的政策管理与规划编制的技术建议。The debates on gated communities are in fact a dilemma between government and market in the supply of public services as well as a balance between social fairness and economic efficiency. This paper analyzes the essence and characteristics of gated communities as contractual communities from the perspective of local public resource in institutional economy, discusses and reveals that gating is not necessary, and explores the environmental and institutional prerequisites for opening the gates. By introducing Elinor Ostrom’s theory of polycentric governance, this paper discusses the role and influence of gated community as the "private owned common property" in the supply of local public resources such as roads, green open spaces, and public facilities. Then centering on the benign development of local public resources, the paper puts forward core questions in the gated community research and proposes corresponding technical suggestions for the policy management and compilation of existing urban planning system in China.

关 键 词：门禁社区 契约社区 地方公共资源 多中心治理理论 

分 类 号：C913.31[经济管理] TU984.12[社会学]