环状RNA与女性妊娠和妇科相关疾病  

CircRNA in female gestational and gynecological diseases

作　　者：刘康生[1] 潘峰[1] 茅晓东[2] 陈亚军 Liu Kangsheng;Pan Feng;Mao Xiaodong;Chen Yajun(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital,Nanjing 210029,China;Department of Endocrinology,Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210028,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属妇产医院(南京市妇幼保健院)实验诊断科,210029 [2]江苏省中西医结合医院内分泌科,南京210028

出　　处：《中华检验医学杂志》2019年第1期67-72,共6页Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：环状RNA(circRNA)是自然形成的广泛且多样的存在于生物体中的一种共价闭合环状结构的内源性非编码RNA分子,不具有5′端帽子和3′端poly(A)尾巴结构,具有广泛性、保守性、组织特异性以及稳定性等特性。circRNA参与多种生物学功能,除了微小RNA(miRNA)海绵吸附功能,更多新的功能正逐渐被发现,如调节基因转录和剪切以及翻译蛋白质等。多项研究表明circRNA与卵巢上皮肿瘤以及子痫前期等发生发展密切相关。同时,环状RNA可以调节大量妇科肿瘤疾病相关的miRNA表达,circRNA-miRNA-信使RNA(mRNA)轴参与多个妇科肿瘤相关通路的调节,包括促瘤作用和抑瘤作用。有潜力成为新型的生殖和妇科疾病疾病临床诊断标志物或治疗靶点。本文将从circRNA生物特性,环状RNA预测软件及数据库,以及其与妊娠和妇科疾病等方面对circRNA研究进展作一综述。Circular RNA (circRNA) is a ubiquitous class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in all kingdoms of life with diverse structures.CircRNA is an endogenous noncoding RNA molecule with covalently close cyclic structure which does not have 5′ end cap and 3′ poly (A) tail. It is found to be evolutionary conservative and stable with tissue specificity. CircRNAs have many biological functions. In addition to acting as miRNA sponges, many other functions are being revealed, including regulator of gene transcription, and splicing and protein translation. It is involved in ovarian epithelial neoplasms, pre-eclampsia and other development. CircRNAs could regulate the expression of numerous gynecological cancer-related microRNA (miRNAs). The circRNA-miRNA-messenger RNA(mRNA) axis is a known regulatory pattern of several cancer-associated pathways, with both agonist and antagonist effects on carcinogenesis. Numerous studies have shown that circRNAs may become potential targets and clinical diagnostic markers for reproductive and gynecological diseases. This review focuses on the biogenesis and properties of circRNAs, databases of circRNA,their functions and potential significance in gestational, tumor and gestational diseases.

关 键 词：RNA 生殖器肿瘤 女(雌)性 先兆子痫 生物标记 

分 类 号：R71[医药卫生—妇产科学]