煤层瓦斯抽采效果影响因素分析及技术对策  

Influence Factors Analysis of Coal Seam Drainage Effect and Its Technical Countermeasures

作　　者：赵旭生 刘延保[1,2] 申凯 巴全斌[1,2] ZHAO Xusheng;LIU Yanbao;SHEN Kai;BA Quanbin(China Coal Technology & Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute,Chongqing 400039,China;National Key Laboratory of Gas Disaster Detection,Prevention and Emergency Control,Chongqing 400039,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司,重庆400039 [2]瓦斯灾害监控与应急技术国家重点实验室,重庆400039

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2019年第1期179-183,共5页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：重庆市科技创新领军人才支持计划资助项目(CSTCKJCXLJRC14);"十三五"国家科技重大专项资助项目(2016ZX05067-004-004;2016ZX05043-005-003)

摘　　要：根据瓦斯抽采理论和现场实践,分析认为煤层瓦斯非稳定流场、低渗透性、封孔气密性、钻孔塌孔、孔内瓦斯流动状态和钻孔布置参数等是影响钻孔瓦斯抽采效果的主要因素,基于以上影响因素,系统总结了提高钻孔瓦斯抽采效果的技术途径为:煤层开采卸压、煤层致裂增渗(包括预裂爆破、CO2爆破、水力压裂)、扩大钻孔影响半径(提高钻孔直径、水力割缝、水力扩孔、水力冲孔等)、采用新型封孔工艺、改善钻孔瓦斯流动状态(合理负压分布、下筛管等)和优化钻孔布置参数等。According to gas drainage theory and field practice, the unsteady gas flow filed, low permeability, sealing tightness,drilling hole collapse, gas flow state in the borehole and borehole layout parameters in coal seam were considered to be the main factors influencing the drilling of gas drainage. Based on the above factors, the paper summarizes the methods to increase the borehole gas drainage: coal seam mining and pressure relief, coal seam fracturing and permeability increase of coal seam(including pre-splitting blasting, CO2 blasting, hydraulic fracturing), expanding the influence radius of drilling(increasing the hole diameter, hydraulic slotting, hydraulic reaming, hydraulic punching, etc.), using new sealing process, improving gas flow in borehole(reasonable negative pressure distribution, inserting screen, etc.) and the optimization of drilling layout parameters.

关 键 词：瓦斯抽采 低渗透性 抽采效果 瓦斯防治 技术途径 

分 类 号：TD713[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]