冷加工核电结构材料在高温高压水中应力腐蚀裂纹扩展行为的研究进展  

Review on Stress Corrosion Crack Propagation Behavior of Cold Worked Nuclear Structural Materials in High Temperature and High Pressure Water

作　　者：张克乾 胡石林[1] 唐占梅[1] 张平柱[1] ZHANG Keqian;HU Shilin;TANG Zhanmei;ZHANG Pingzhu(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2018年第6期517-522,共6页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

摘　　要：总结了冷加工对核电结构材料应力腐蚀(SCC)裂纹扩展速率(CGR)、裂纹扩展方向的影响以及温度和溶解氢对冷加工材料应力腐蚀的影响,分析了冷加工影响SCC敏感性的机理,并对未来的研究趋势做了展望。冷轧加工使反应堆结构材料晶粒变形,晶界处产生片状局部应力区,晶粒内部出现变形带,材料中产生大量的位错和空位缺陷,导致应力腐蚀CGR变大;晶粒变形带的局部氧化会对应力腐蚀类型和裂纹扩展方向产生影响;不同温度下缺陷的移动影响了裂纹的扩展。未来应重点针对实际工况下冷加工材料的应力腐蚀行为和机理等方面开展研究。The influence of cold work on the stress corrosion cracking(SCC), namely the crack growth rate(CGR) and the crack propagation orientations of the nuclear structural materials and especially the effect of temperature on the stress corrosion cracking, of the cold-worked steels and nickel base alloys were summarized. The effect cold-working processing on the SCC sensitivity was analyzed. The future trends of R&D in the field was also expounded. The cold rolling process induced elongated grains along the rolling direction, and the lamellar-like local strain areas generated at grain boundaries. Some deformation bands and a large number of dislocations and vacancies are formed inside the grain due to cold rolling, resulting in the increase of the stress corrosion cracking CGR. The localized oxidation of the grain deformation bands will affect the type of stress corrosion and the direction of crack propagation.The movement of defects at different temperatures will change the CGR of cracks. The future research should focus on the mechanism of stress corrosion cracking of old worked materials and the SCC behavior of cold-worked materials under actual service conditions.

关 键 词：冷加工 应力腐蚀 裂纹扩展速率 局部应力 空位缺陷 

分 类 号：TG172.5[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]