人类染色体外环状DNA研究现状  

Review on the research progress of extrachromosomal circular DNAs in human

作　　者：陈思宇 孟祥宁[1] 朱静[1] Chen Siyu;Meng Xiangning;Zhu Jing(Laboratory of Medical Genetics,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081 ,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学医学遗传学研究室,150081

出　　处：《国际遗传学杂志》2018年第6期504-511,共8页International Journal of Genetics

基　　金：黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划(UNPYSCT-2017056);国家自然科学基金(81301752、81572915).

摘　　要：染色体外环状DNA(extrachromosomal circular DNAs,eccDNAs)产生于染色体上的序列,在起源上有较高的异质性。eccDNAs的产生在不同的背景下可能涉及不同发生模型以及修复机制。高通量测序等技术对发现和理解更多eccDNAs有重要贡献。近期在人循环系统中也发现了大量eccDNAs分子的存在。eccDNAs可以影响细胞生命活动,促进肿瘤细胞演进和适应性进化,增加了基因组的可塑性和不稳定性,在肿瘤的诊治、液体活检等方面可能有重要的应用潜力。本综述旨在阐述目前报道的主要人类eccDNAs类型在起源、结构、研究方法、功能和应用价值等方面的研究进展。Extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) can be originated from the sequences of chromosomes, and have high heterogeneity in origin. In different surroundings, the production of eccDNAs involves various generation model and repair mechanisms. Technologies as high throughput sequencing (HTS) greatly help to identify more eccDNAs. Recently, eccDNAs were found in human circulating system. EccDNAs can affect cell life activities, promote tumor cell adaptive evolution and increase the genome plasticity and instability. EccDNAs show great potential in diagnosis, prognosis prediction and treatment of tumors and in liquid biopsy as well. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the research progress on the origin, function, study strategy and potential utility of human eccDNAs.

关 键 词：染色体外环状DNA 附加体 双微体 spcDNA miDNA 液体活检 

分 类 号：R346[医药卫生—基础医学]