噪声致听力损失机制的研究进展  

Research progress on mechanisms of noise-induced hearingloss

作　　者：陈雅丽 胡伟江[1] CHEN Ya-li;HU Wei-jiang(National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,China CDC,Belting 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2018年第6期438-440,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(编号:131031109000150003)

摘　　要：噪声致听力损失(NIHL)是感音神经性聋最常见的形式之一。过去几十年,NIHL的研究一直专注于感音毛细胞的损伤导致听阈升高,而由于常规听力检查方法无法发现,听神经损失导致的隐性听力损失未引起重视。本文从耳蜗毛细胞的损伤、听神经突触病变和髓鞘病变三个方面来阐述NIHL的机制,为相应的临床防治研究提供线索。Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) is one of the most common forms of sensorineural deafness.For decades,research on noise-induced hearing loss has focused on auditory threshold elevation caused by sensory hair cell damage,but this kind of hidden hearing loss is very hard to be noticed by normal audiometric examination and frequently ignored.This review would expound the mechanism of hearing loss from three aspects: hair cell damage,acoustic synaptopathy and acoustic myelinopathy,and expect it could provide some reference for further research and efficient treatment on noise-induced hearing loss.

关 键 词：噪声致听力损失(NIHL) 隐性听力损失 毛细胞损伤 突触病变 髓鞘病变 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理]