基于微机控制的空调大型给排风电气控制系统  

Microcomputer based control of large air conditioning energy-saving ventilation drive Electrical control system

作　　者：陈铁钢 高岳民 王少华 

机构地区：[1]湖南联绅机电科技有限公司 [2]湖南制冷学会 [3]衡阳商会 [4]湖南生物机电工程职业技术学院机电分院 [5]湖南三一工业职业技术学院智能制造分院

出　　处：《电子技术（上海）》2018年第12期5-8,4,共5页Electronic Technology

摘　　要：大型空调的给排风控制系统大多采用PLC控制变频器驱动风扇电机,用变频的方式调节风机转速来满足对制冷风量的需求。众所周知,变频器对于风机的电机具有一对一的配接特性,风机数量一多所需的变频器数量就多,大型给排风工程中所需的风机数量很多,整个工程造价就会飙升。本文总结了大型给排风工程的实际应用状况,对驱动风机的交流异步电动机调速过程作了深入的分析和实验,利用单片式微型计算机对异步电机转速实施动态监测,采用智能交流调压方式使多台不同型号的交流异步电动机共享同一个较大功率的变频器。在调速过程中变频器由PLC控制根据环境温度实现交流变频,提供基础供电频率给多个智能交流调压器供电,每一个智能交流调压器追踪每一台电动机转速需求和负载转矩,实时动态交流调压,以较小的过载系数实现每一台交流异步电动机的有效调速,从而实现每一台交流异步电动机的稳定运行和高效节能。这种智能交流调压器和变频器组合,使多台不同型号的交流异步电动机共享同一个较大功率的变频器的驱动方式中,由于每个智能交流调压器的成本仅为同功率变频器的一半以下,使大型空调给排风工程不仅电机调速更为灵活便捷,而且使工程造价大幅度下降,使工程应用具有更高的性价比。The application of epidemic prevention and isolation in urban buildings is very important and necessary. Throughout human history, humans have been very weak and helpless in the face of unknown infectious diseases and plagues. Modern science and technology provides a powerful tool and means for humans to understand the natural conquest of the disease. Among them, the purification project shows us her unique and scientific beauty. This design is based on PLC control in the building epidemic prevention purification project application example. Its advantages are its simple structure, powerful function, strong anti-interference ability, stable and reliable operation, and high practical value, good air epidemic prevention isolation performance, and strong ability to adapt to the environment. PLC control is the best control method to achieve air epidemic prevention isolation in building purification project. At low speed, the negative pressure can maintain the relative stability of the isolation. High speed fan speed smoothness, high efficiency;Moreover, it has a large speed regulation range and high accuracy. The starting current of the fan motor is low. Combined with the air channel valve control technology, not only does the air epidemic prevention isolation increase many Humanized service effects, but also energy conservation is obvious.Maintaining the air negative pressure control between the isolation room is an effective way to achieve the air isolation between the patient’s room and the public aisle. There are many methods that can be achieved, such as: frequency selection control based on frequency converters, variable speed control based on two-speed Motors, and based on the flange valve. Wind channel control. This paper studies the application of three kinds of control methods, and the application of industrial computer PLC as the system control core to control the different driving requirements such as wind flash, wind speed increase, negative pressure maintenance, and door and window opening and closing

关 键 词：PLC 变频控制 智能交流调压 交流异步电动机 转矩检测 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]