基于多元经验模态分解的多道地震相干噪声压制方法研究  

MULTIVARIATE EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION BASED MULTITRACE SEISMIC COHERENT NOISE REMOVAL

作　　者：晏红艳 丘斌煌 李勇[3] 方中于[1] 常坤 YAN Hongyan;QIU Binhuang;LI Yong;FANG Zhongyu;CHANG Kun(Data Processing Co.Geophysical-China Oilfield Services Ltd.,Zhanjiang 524057,Guangdong,China;School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;College of Geophysics,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司物探事业部特普公司,广东湛江524057 [2]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,成都610500 [3]成都理工大学地球物理学院,成都610059

出　　处：《海洋地质前沿》2018年第12期61-67,共7页Marine Geology Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41774059);中海油田服务股份有限公司科技项目(WTB18YF020)

摘　　要：地震勘探采集到的地震信号中往往包含大量的相干噪声,这些相干噪声常常使得资料质量变得很差,从而严重的妨碍了科研工作者进行正确的地震解释,因此对相干噪声进行压制就显得十分必要。而传统的相干噪声压制方法在消除相干噪声同时往往会对有效信号造成一定程度的损害,或者根本无法有效压制干扰波。为了解决以上问题,从多道联合时频率分析角度出发,结合利用EMD数据驱动分解特性,提出了基于多元经验模态分解的多道地震相干噪声去除方法,能够在有效去除相干噪声同时,保证有效信号不受伤害。本文通过模型和实际资料的处理充分证明了基于多元经验模态分解的降噪方法的有效性和稳健性。Seismic signals collected by seismic surveys often contain a large amount of coherent noises,which often results in poor data quality and seriously impedes researchers from performing correct seismic interpretation.Therefore,suppression of coherent noises is quite significant and necessary.The traditional method to eliminate coherent noises,however,may often cause a certain degree of damage to the effective signals at the same time,or simply lack the capability to suppress the interference wave.In order to solve the above problems,this paper proposes a multi-trace seismic coherent noise removal method based on multivariate empirical mode decomposition combined with EMD datadriven decomposition from the perspective of multi-joint frequency analysis,which can effectively remove coherent noises and ensure effective signals not to be hurt.In this paper,the superiority and robustness of noise reduction method based on multivariate empirical mode decomposition are fully proved by the processing of model and actual data.

关 键 词：相干噪声 多道降噪 多元经验模态分解 地震勘探 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质] P631.443[天文地球—海洋科学]