哈尔滨市曲线社区人群慢性病共病现状及不良生活方式共存现象研究  

Survey on the comorbidity of chronic diseases and its coexistence with risky lifestyle of residents in Quxian community of Harbin

作　　者：安莉莉 赵蔓菲 梁公达 耿旭洋 刘新遥 王萍[1] 李欣彦 王玉娜 赵景波[1] AN Li-li;ZHAO Man-fei;LIANG Gong-da;GENG Xu-yang;LIU Xin-yao;WANG Ping;LI Xin-yan;WANG Yu-na;ZHAO Jing-bo(School of Public Health,Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 15008,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]哈尔滨市阿城区通城社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2018年第12期899-903,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(D201235)

摘　　要：目的研究哈尔滨市曲线社区人群常见慢性病共病率及不良生活方式因素的共存现象,为本社区人群慢性病的预防和控制提供依据。方法采用横断面研究的方法,2016年3～9月以哈尔滨市曲线社区≥50岁居民为调查对象。采用调查问卷、体格检查、器官功能检查、查体和实验室辅助检查获取调查对象的信息,以高血压、糖尿病、肥胖、脑卒中及血脂异常为5种常见慢性病,以吸烟、饮酒、嗜盐及缺乏体力活动为4种常见不良生活方式,统计常见慢性病共病率及不良生活方式共存情况。结果本研究共调查≥50岁人群1 139例,患病率分别为:高血压29.41%、糖尿病10.97%、肥胖45.74%、脑卒中8.60%、血脂异常51.71%。5种慢性病总患病率46.19%。同时患2、3、4、5种疾病的共病率分别为29.85%,13.35%,2.81%,0.18%。男性吸烟率和饮酒率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=208.06,122.92,P<0.01)。女性缺乏体力活动率(48.71%)高于男性(41.83%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.96,P=0.026 0)。同时存在2、3、4种不良生活方式构成比分别为38.28%、5.00%、1.23%。结论哈尔滨市曲线社区人群常见慢性病共病情况和不良生活方式因素共存情况严重,应加强对社区人群慢性病和不良生活方式的定期监测和开展有针对性的防治。Objective To discuss the comorbidity of chronic diseases and its coexistence with risky lifestyle among residents in Quxian community of Harbin,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1 139 residents(age≥50)in Quxian community of Harbin in 2016.Data of questionnaire survey,physical examination,organ function test and laboratory test were collected and analyzed.Hypertension,diabetes,obesity,stroke and dyslipidemia were set as common chronic diseases,smoking,drinking,high-salt diet and physical inactivity were defined as common risky lifestyles related to chronic diseases. Results Among total 1 139 residents surveyed,the prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,obesity,stroke and dyslipidemia were 29.41%,10.97%,45.74%,8.60% and51.71%,respectively.The overall prevalence of the above 5 common chronic diseases was 46.19%.The prevalence of comorbidity of 2,3,4 and 5 chronic diseases were 29.85%,13.35%,2.81% and 0.18%,respectively.The smoking and drinking rates were higher among men than women(χ^2=208.06,122.92,P<0.01),while the physical inactivity rate was higher among women than men(χ^2=4.96,P=0.026 0).The rates of co-existence of 2,3 and 4 risky lifestyles were 38.28%,5.00% and 1.23%,respectively.Conclusions The comorbidity of chronic diseases and co-existence of risky lifestyles among residents in Quanxian community of Harbin are not uncommon,therefore health education should be strengthened to improve lifestyles and reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases.

关 键 词：慢性病 共病 不良生活方式 社区 老年居民 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]