423例过敏性鼻炎患者过敏原皮肤点刺试验结果及临床分析  

The results analysis of prick skin test of 423 patients with allergic rhinitis and clinical analysis

作　　者：严莲珍[1] 涂晓娟 刘喜花[2] 王莉[2] YAN Lian zhen;TU Xiao juan;LIU Xi hua;WANG Li(Department of Pharmacy,General Hospital of the Chinese peoples Armed Police Force,Beijing 100039)

机构地区：[1]中国人民武装警察部队总医院药房,北京100039 [2]中国人民武装警察部队总医院过敏反应诊治中心

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2018年第12期1216-1218,共3页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析过敏反应科门诊中过敏性鼻炎患者不同过敏原的阳性检出率。方法选择201 1年11月-2013年5月中国人民武装警察部队总医院过敏反应科门诊过敏性鼻炎患者,对其进行阴性对照、阳性对照和16项过敏原皮肤点刺试验,对其阳性结果进行统计分析。结果对423例过敏性鼻炎患者进行了皮肤点刺试验,77例(18.2%)患者对1种过敏原出现阳性反应,82例(19.4%)患者对2种过敏原出现阳性反应,244例(57.7%)患者对3种及以上过敏原出现阳性反应。各过敏原阳性检出率:粉尘螨42.8%,屋尘螨39.2%,猫毛及皮屑17.7%,狗毛及皮屑12.3%,白蜡花粉19.9%,圆柏花粉17.3%,梧桐花粉21.5%,白桦花粉27.7%,蒿属花粉55.8%,葎草花粉38.5%,豚草花粉23.9%,链格孢7.6%,枝状枝孢5.2%,黑曲霉2.3%,蟑螂17.5%,桑蚕丝6.1%。结论针对不同的过敏原的生物行为模式采取相应的回避措施和用药指导可减轻过敏性鼻炎的发作,减少或规避因某些过敏原导致的急性过敏反应如哮喘发作、严重过敏反应的发作。Objective To analyze and summarize the positive rates of allergens in allergic rhinitis patients in the outpatient department of allergy clinic.Method The patients with allergic rhinitis in allergy department were selected for negative control,positive control and 16 allergen skin prick tests.The positive results were analyzed statistically. Results 423 patients with allergic rhinitis were tested hy skin prick test.77 patients (18.2%)had positive reaction to one allergen,82 patients (19.4%)had positive reaction to two allergens,and 244 patients (57.7%)had positive reaction to three or more allergens.The positive rates of allergens were as follows:dust mite 42.8%,house dust mite 39.2%,cat hair 17.7%,dog hair 12.3%,white wax pollen 19.9%,cypress pollen 17.3%,Wutong pollen 21.5%,birch pollen 27.7%,Artemisia pollen 55.8%,Humulus pollen 38.5%,ragweed pollen 23.9%,Ahernaria spore 7.6%,Cladosporium Niger 5.2%,Aspergillus niger 2.3%.Cockroach 17.5%,mulberry silk 6.1.Conclusions Taking appropriate avoidance measures and medication guidance according to different allergen biological behavior patterns can alleviate the attack of allergic rhinitis and reduce or avoid the attack of acute allergic reactions such as asthma attack and severe allergic reactions caused by some allergens.

关 键 词：皮肤点刺试验 过敏性鼻炎 雷暴相关哮喘 严重过敏反应 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]