风险与机会视角下生态移民决策影响因素与多维减贫效应——基于陕西南部1032户农户的面板数据  

Study on Impact of Eco-migration Decision and Multidimensional Poverty Reduction Effects from the Perspective of Risk and Opportunity——Based on the Panel Data of 1032 Rural Households in southern Shannxi,China

作　　者：王文略[1] 刘旋 余劲[1] WANG Wenlue;LIU Xuan;YU Jin

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2018年第12期92-102,共11页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:71373208、71573208);陕西省国际科技合作重点项目计划(编号:A213021203);西北农林科技大学国际科技合作重点项目计划(编号:A213021501);西北农林科技大学西部发展研究院项目(编号:Z101021601)

摘　　要：本文使用陕西生态移民政策实施区深度贫困农户的四年面板调研数据,加入风险与机会、农户个体风险态度要素,探讨生态移民的决策因素,并以农户陷入的贫困维度数和贫困剥夺得分为贫困代理指标,运用基于PSM的双重差分法,对生态移民的减贫效应进行测算。结果表明,农户遭遇的风险对其生态移民决策有推力作用,能够获得的外部机会对生态移民决策有拉力作用,风险偏好型农户更倾向于参加生态移民。生态移民政策的实施,可有效降低农户陷入的多维贫困数,但对农户的多维贫困剥夺得分减轻作用较弱。进而提出为农户提供更多的外部机会、引导改变风险态度、把握发展机会、提升自身能力、尽快找到替代生计增加收入等建议,以期使生态脆弱区深度贫困农户尽快摆脱贫困。This paper uses the four-year panel data of the rural households in deep poverty and eco-migration policy implementation areas of Shaanxi province,to discuss the impact of the eco-migration decision of households considering factors like risk and opportunity,individual risk attitude of rural households. This paper also takes the number of poverty dimensions and poverty deprivation score as poverty proxy indicators,and employs the difference in difference based on PSM,to measure the poverty reduction effect of the eco-migration. The results show that,the risks encountered by households have a push effect on eco-migration decision,while the external opportunities households can obtained have a pull effect on it,and risk-prefered households are more likely to take part in eco-migration. Theimplementation of eco-migration policy,can siginificantly reduce the number of the poverty dimensions that household are trapped,while have a wake effect on multidimensional poverty deprivation score. Based on these,some measures should be considered to make the poor households in ecological fragile areas get rid of poverty quickly,such as providing more external opportunities to households,guiding the transformation of the risk attitude to grasp development opportunities,promoting the self-ability and finding alternative livelihoods to increase income as soon as possible.

关 键 词：生态移民 决策因素 风险与机会 风险偏好 多维贫困 

分 类 号：D632.4[政治法律—政治学] F323.8[政治法律—中外政治制度]