黄河源区高寒湿地近地面辐射收支特征初步分析  

AN INITIAL ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIATION BUDGET NEAR GROUND IN ALPINE WETLAND IN SOURCE AREA OF THE YELLOW RIVER

作　　者：谢琰[1,2] 文军 刘蓉[1] 王欣[1] 贾东于[1] Xie Yan;Wen Jun;Liu Rong;Wang Xin;Jia Dongyu(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Lanzhou 730000,Chian;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2019年第1期1-10,共10页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41530529;41375022);国家自然基金重大研究培养计划培育项目(91737103)

摘　　要：利用2014年6月1日～2015年5月15日黄河源区麻多陆面过程观测试验近地面辐射收支观测资料,分析高寒湿地下垫面辐射收支和反射率的时间变化特征。结果表明:黄河源区高寒湿地向下太阳短波辐射、地面向上短波辐射和地面向上长波辐射有明显日变化特征,大气向下长波辐射的日变化不明显。年平均日总量,地面长波向上辐射(26.784 MJ/m^2)最大,大气长波向下辐射次之(20.390 MJ/m^2),其次是向下太阳短波辐射(17.539 MJ/m^2),地面向上短波辐射(3.888 MJ/m^2)最小。以上各分量均为冬季最小,前2个分量春季最大,后2个分量夏季最大。典型晴天地表反射率日变化和季节变化特征均为"U"形,全年平均地表反射率为0.18。地面长波有效辐射日变化趋势明显,春季、秋季和冬季地面长波有效辐射日平均相差不大,而夏季略小。不同季节日间地表吸热值较大,数值差异也较大,而夜间放热值小且数值差异小,但维持时间较长(12～15 h),总的来说该地区为一个强热源。The characteristics of the diurnal and seasonal variation of the radiation budget and the surface albedo of sunny day was analyzed based on the data collected during the source region of the Yellow River Maduo Xiang surface process observation test near-surface radiation budget observations,which was from June 1,2014 to May 15,2015. The result showed that in addition to atmospheric downward longwave radiation,downward solar radiation,ground upward shortwave radiation and upward longwave radiation have obvious diurnal variation. In terms of the annual average of daily amount,the ground upward longwave radiation(26.784 MJ/m^2)is the largest,followed by the atmospheric longwave downward radiation(20.390 MJ/m^2),followed by the downward shortwave radiation(17.539 MJ/m^2),the ground upward shortwave radiation(3.888 MJ/m^2)is the smallest. In different seasons,each component is minimal in winter,the first two components are the largest in spring and the last two components are the largest in summer. The diurnal and seasonal variation of the typical sunny surface albedo is "U" shape,and the annual average surface albedo was 0.18. The diurnal variation of the surface longwave effective radiation was evident. In the spring,fall and winter the difference between the diurnal averages are not evident. In the summer,it is slightly smaller. In different seasons,surface endothermic value islarge and exist big numerical differences during the daytime,but exothermic value is small and exist small numerical differences,and maintain a long time(12-15 h) during the nighttime. The area is a strong heat source during the daytime,a weak cold source during the nighttime and generally a strong heat source.

关 键 词：太阳辐射 大气辐射 辐射通量密度 黄河源区 观测 

分 类 号：P413[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]