水冷铜模对添加Mn和Zr的6061铝合金微观组织及力学性能的影响  

Effects of Water-Cooling Cu Mould on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 6061 Aluminum Alloys with Mn and Zr Addition

作　　者：申华[1,2] 史建超[1] 穆永亮[1] 罗洪杰[1] 姚广春[1] Shen Hua;Shi Jianchao;Mu Yongliang;Luo Hongjie;Yao Guangchun(Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]沈阳化工大学,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2019年第1期300-308,共9页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51301109)

摘　　要：研究了水冷铜模铸造对添加Mn和Zr元素的6061铝合金的微观组织及力学性能的影响。利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和EDS能谱,分析合金的微观组织;结合X射线衍射分析及Vegard定律,估算铸态及均匀化处理后Mg、Si和Mn元素在合金中的固溶度;通过拉伸试验测试含Mn和Zr的6061铝合金力学性能。结果表明:水冷铜模亚快速凝固铸造降低了溶质元素Mg、Si、Mn在铸态合金中的偏析,减少了合金的均匀化处理时间;Mn和Zr元素的添加,使晶粒细化明显;水冷铜模使铸态析出相由骨骼状和条状的β铁相转变为颗粒状的α铁相,均匀化处理后主要以颗粒状的α-Al_8(MnFe)_2Si和α-Al_8(MnFeCr)_2Si相存在。采用水冷铜模铸造的含Mn和Zr的6061铝合金,其拉伸性能得到明显改善。经均匀化处理后其抗拉强度达到286 MPa、屈服强度127 MPa,延伸率17.84%。Effects of sub-rapid solidification by water-cooling Cu mold on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy with Mn and Zr addition were investigated.Microstructure of the alloys was analyzed by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and EDS energy spectrum.Solubilities of Mg,Si and Mn elements in as-cast and homogenized Al alloys were estimated by X-ray diffraction and Vegard's Law.Tensile tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy.Results show that both the segregation of Mg,Si and Mn elements and homogenization time are decreased by sub-rapid solidification.The grain sizes are refined significantly by adding Mn and Zr elements.As-cast precipitated phase is transformed into α-Fe phase of granulate from β-Fe of bone and strip by water-cooling Cu mold,and they are mainly granular α-Al8(MnFe)2 Si and a-Al8(MnFeCr)2Si after homogenization treatment.Tensile properties of Al alloy with Mn and Zr addition cast by water-cooling Cu mold are improved.The UTS, YS and elongation of the homogenized alloy reach to 286 MPa,27 MPa and 17.84%,respectively.

关 键 词：6061铝合金 水冷铜模 亚快速凝固 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]