遵义市农村集中供养五保老人心理健康现状及其影响因素研究  

Studying on the Status of Mental Health of Rural Collectively Caring Old People in Zunyi City and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：郝刚 黄月英[2] 王若溪[2] 聂昌平[1] 蒋纬[1] 邵天[2] 李刚[2] 冯占春[2] 付谦[2] Hao Gang(Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College,Zunyi,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医药高等专科学校,贵州遵义563006 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院医药卫生管理学院

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2019年第2期124-128,共5页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"以系统绩效为导向的农村公共卫生服务公私合作机制研究"(71273097);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合LH字〔2016〕7416号)

摘　　要：目的:了解农村集中供养五保老人的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为针对性照护服务提供依据。方法:采用问卷调查的方式对贵州省遵义市303名敬老院五保老人和291名普通居家老人的社会人口学基本情况、心理健康状况等进行调查。采用二元逻辑回归分析心理健康状况的影响因素。结果:集中供养五保老人SCL-90量表总分为(126. 52±29. 55),总体阳性率为27. 8%;居家老人总分为(112. 74±21. 93),总体阳性率为14. 6%。集中供养五保老人在人际关系敏感、敌对、偏执等5个因子上筛查阳性率显著高于普通居家老人。年龄、文化水平、经济状况、童年时期照护者特征、酒精依赖、社会支持是集中供养五保老人心理问题的影响因素。结论:敌对、偏执和人际关系敏感是农村集中供养五保老人存在的主要心理健康问题,童年时期照护者的精神状态或是否有酗酒赌博的恶习可能对五保老人现在的精神问题有影响,超过80岁、有酗酒习惯、收支有结余的五保老人的心理问题应该受到关注。Objective To study the status of mental health of rural collectively caring old people in Zunyi City and its influencing factors,and provide reference for improving it.Methods 303 cases of old people living in rural gerocomium and 291 cases of old people living at home were surveyed with questionnaires to investigate their basic information and mental health status.The influencing factors of mental health were studied with binary logistic regression analysis.Results The total score of old people living in rural gerocomium and living at home was 126.52±29.55 and 112.74±21.93,respectively.And the positive rate was 27.8%and 14.6%,respectively.The positive rate of collectively caring people was significantly higher in factors of relationship sensitive,hostility and paranoid than old people living at home.The factors of age,education level,economic situation,feature of the childhood caregiver,alcohol addicted and social support can influence their mental health.Conclusion The main mental health problems of rural collectively caring people were relationship sensitive,hostility and paranoid.More concerns should be focused on the mental health of the old people aged over 80,alcohol addicted,or having surplus.

关 键 词：敬老院 五保老人 SCL-90 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]