植物线粒体RNA编辑调控研究进展  

Research Progress of Editing and Regulation of Mitochondrial RNA in Plants

作　　者：陈倩 刘石锋 洪广成 秦小健 Chen Qian;Liu Shifeng;Hong Guangcheng;Qin Xiaojian(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Plants Environmental Adaptations,College of Life Sciences,Chongqing Norinal University, Chongqing,401331)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院植物环境适应分子生物学重庆市重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第3期869-876,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0100706);重庆师范大学人才启动基金(16XLB018);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ1600310)共同资助

摘　　要：植物线粒体作为细胞中半自主性细胞器之一,在植物的生长发育过程扮演重要角色,是植物的能量工厂。RNA编辑是近些年来线粒体RNA出现的一种转录后调控,是指在RNA水平进行碱基的改变,从而形成可能性质完全不同的氨基酸,因此这种修饰后的基因表达不能忠实地反映DNA信息。目前植物中的五肽重复(pentatricopeptide repeat, PPR)基因已被大量挖掘出来且相关研究结果证实RNA编辑主要发生在线粒体、叶绿体等细胞器中,并与细胞器的功能有着密切联系,相应的分子机理研究也在不断深入。本综述主要归纳植物线粒体RNA编辑的研究进展以及总结有关线粒体RNA编辑的最新研究成果,希望为后续的研究与应用提供一定的理论参考。Plant mitochondria,as one of the semi-autonomous organelles in cells,play an important role in the growth and development of plants,and it is the energy factory of plants.RNA editing is a post-transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial RNA in recent years.It refers to the alteration of bases at the RNA level to form amino acids with completely different possibilities.Therefore,the modified gene expression can not faithfully reflect DNA information.So far,a large number of PPR (pentatricopeptide repeat)genes have been identified in plants, and the related research results confirm that RNA editing mainly occurs in cell organelles,such as mitochondria and chloroplasts,which is closely related to the function of organelles.The corresponding molecular mechanism is also in-depth study.This paper mainly summarized the research progress of plant mitochondrial RNA editing and the latest research achievements on mitochondrial RNA editing,hoping to provide some theoretical reference for the follow-up research and application.

关 键 词：线粒体 PPR蛋白 RNA编辑 分子调控 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]