青岛及北京地区五年间空气中豚草花粉的调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of airborne ragweed pollen in Qingdao and Beijing areas from 2010 to 2015

作　　者：王子熹 曲辉[3] 王瑞琦 何海娟 关凯 刘杰[3] 鹿道温 WANG Zixi;QU Hui;WANG Ruiqi;HE Haijuan;GUAN Kai;LIU Jie;LU Daowen(Department of Allergy,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment on Allergic Disea- ses,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Allergy,Shinan District People's Hospital of Qingdao,Qingdao 266002,Slaandong, China;Department of Allergy,Qingdao Fifth People's Hospital,Qingdao 266002,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院变态(过敏)反应科,北京100730 [2]过敏性疾病精准诊疗研究北京市重点实验室,北京100730 [3]青岛市市南区人民医院变态反应科,山东青岛266002 [4]青岛市第五人民医院变态反应科,山东青岛266002

出　　处：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2019年第1期73-76,共4页Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University

摘　　要：目的调查青岛及北京两地空气中豚草花粉的含量、分布规律,分析其变化特点。方法采用重力沉降法,于2010年至2015年,在青岛地区设2个监测点,在北京设1个监测点,每日进行花粉曝片,并结合野外调查。结果青岛地区豚草只有矮豚草,其花粉含量2010年为175粒(西部)、257粒(东部); 2011年为508粒(西部)、589粒(东部); 2015年为792粒(西部)。豚草花粉的飘散高峰期集中在8、9月份,8月下旬和9月上旬花粉含量最多。北京地区野外未见豚草大量繁殖地,2010年为4粒,2011年为2粒,2012～2015年未见。结论五年间青岛地区东西部花粉监测点均发现豚草花粉含量呈逐年增高,提示应重视豚草的蔓延和花粉症的防治。Objective As an invasive species,ragweed not only destroys the local vegetation,but also easily causes allergic rhinitis and asthma. It is one of the most important allergens causing pollinosis in summer and autumn in China. We investigated the concentration and distribution of ragweed pollen and analyzed its changing profile in the air of Qingdao and Beijing. Methods Two monitoring stations( west and east) were set up in Qingdao,and one in Beijing,and data were collected from 2010 to 2015. The pollen in the air was collected by the gravity sedimentation method and identified under microscopes. Pollen exposure analysis was performed daily,combined with open field investigation. Results Only Ambrosia artemisiifolia pollen were found in Qingdao. The pollen count was 175( west) and 257( east) in 2010;508( west) and 589( east) in 2011;and 792( west) in 2015. The peak ragweed pollen concentration was in August and September,and reached its highest level in late August and early September. There was no breeding of ragweed in the wild near Beijing. Ragweed pollen count was 4 in 2010,2 in 2011,and was not observed under a microscope from 2012-2015 in Beijing. Conclusion During the five-year-experimental period,pollen monitoring stations in the eastern and western parts of Qingdao showed that the concentration of ragweed pollen in the air increased every year,suggesting that strategies should be devised to check the spread of ragweed pollen,and to prevent and control pollinosis.

关 键 词：豚草花粉 花粉含量 青岛 北京 

分 类 号：R765.2[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]