肺表面活性物质中磷脂成分的研究进展  

Progress on phospholipid in pulmonary surfactant

作　　者：刘宇航(综述) 周晓光(审校)[1] Liu Yuhang;Zhou Xiaoguang(Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Neonatal Medical Center,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属儿童医院新生儿医疗中心,210008

出　　处：《国际儿科学杂志》2019年第1期40-43,共4页International Journal of Pediatrics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81571476、81741086);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20141080).

摘　　要：肺表面活性物质(pulmonary surfactant,PS)是由肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞(type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cell,AECⅡ)合成的一种磷脂和蛋白质复合物,主要功能是降低肺泡气液界面的表面张力。PS合成不足或功能缺失是新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,NRDS)等多种肺疾病的重要发病原因,严重影响了新生儿的患病率和病死率。而PS中磷脂为主要存在形式,约占85%~90%,其主要活性成分二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱(dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine,DPPC)是PS发挥生物活性最重要的物质基础。该文将对磷脂的组成成分及结构、生物学特性、生理作用、代谢调控以及检测方法等方面的研究进展进行综述。Pulmonary surfactant is a kind of phospholipid and protein complexes, synthesized from type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells.The primary function of PS is to minimize the surface tension at the alveolar air-liquid interface.The deficiency of phospholipid synthesis or function leads to the occurrence of many lung diseases, such as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, which seriously affects the morbidity and mortality of neonates.Phospholipids are the main form of PS, accounting for about 85%~90%, and the main active component is dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, which is the most important material basis for PS to exert biological activity.In recent years, studies on phospholipids have attracted wide attention, so this article reviews the progress on composition, structure, biological characteristics, physiological function, metabolic regulation and detection methods of phospholipids.

关 键 词：磷脂 肺表面活性物质 新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征 

分 类 号：R722.12[医药卫生—儿科]