婴幼儿结核的临床与多层螺旋CT表现分析  

Clinical and MSCT manifestations of infants with pulmonary tuberculosis

作　　者：姚景江[1] 贺亚琼[2] 张亚林[1] YAO Jingjiang;HE Yaqiong;ZHANG Yalin(Department of Radiology ,Changsha Central Hospital ,Changsha 410004,China;Department of Radiology,Hunan People's Hospital,Changsha 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙市中心医院放射科,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南省人民医院放射科,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《实用放射学杂志》2019年第2期263-266,共4页Journal of Practical Radiology

摘　　要：目的探讨婴幼儿肺结核的临床与CT特征。方法 回顾性分析120例0~3岁婴幼儿肺结核患者的临床电子病历和CT资料,并对其临床及影像学表现进行分析。结果120例婴幼儿肺结核患者,56.7%伴有结核病密切接触史,常见的临床症状依次为发热、咳嗽、咳痰,而盗汗、咯血少见,婴幼儿肺结核常合并肺外结核,如结核性脑膜(脑)炎。最常见的CT征象为纵隔淋巴结肿大,发生率为83.3%,肺门、下气管旁和隆突下为常见的位置。肺实变、结节灶、支气管狭窄发生率分别为72.4%、46.7%、39.2%,而胸膜病变与空洞少见。结论 婴幼儿肺结核CT表现具有一定特征,肺内不同形态的肺实变、肺结节以及支气管狭窄。好发生于肺门、气管旁和隆突下的肿大淋巴结,增强呈环形强化,部分内可见小钙化灶。Objective To explore the clinical manifestations and CT characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in infants.Methods The CT data and electronic medical records of 120 infants (0-3 years old)with pulmonary tuberculosis were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical and CT findings were recorded.Results 56.7 %patients had a history of close contact with tuberculosis.The common clinical symptoms included fever,cough,expectoration,while night sweats and hemoptysis were rare.Pulmonary tuberculosis in infants often complicated with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis,such as tuberculous meningitis.The most common signs of CT were mediastinal lymphadenopathy (83.3%),often happened in hilar,lower paratracheal and subcarinal.The incidence of pulmonary consolidation,nodules and bronchial stenosis were 72.4%,46.7%,39.2%,respectively,while pIeural lesions and cavities were rare.Conclusion Pulmonary tuberculosis in truants CT manifestations has some characteristics,such as different forms of pulmonary consolidation,nodules,and bronchial stenosis.Mediastinal lymphadenopathy showed ring-like enhancement,especially happened in hilar,lower paratracheal and subcarinal.Small calcification could be seen in some enlarged lymph nodes.

关 键 词：婴儿 结核 肺部疾病 计算机体层成像 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R563[医药卫生—临床医学]