2010-2017监测年度云南省大理州流感样病例监测及流行特征分析  

Surveillance and Epidemiological Characteristics of Influenza-like Illness in Dali Prefecture of Yunnan Province From 2010 to 2016

作　　者：苏丽蓉[1] 周舟[1] 施顺娟[1] 杨冰心[1] 段飞云[1] 陈冉 SU Lirong;ZHOU Zhou;SHI Shunjuan;YANG Bingxin;DUAN Feiyun;CHEN Ran(Dali Prefecture"Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dali 571000,Yunnan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]大理州疾病预防控制中心,云南大理671000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2019年第2期157-164,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的通过对云南省大理州2010-2017监测年度哨点医院流感样病例报告、网络实验室流感核酸检测和辖区内暴发疫情监测数据进行分析,了解流感流行病学特征和病原学特点,为大理州的防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对大理州2010-2017监测年哨点医院流感样病例监测报告数据、网络实验室检测结果和暴发疫情数据进行分析。结果 2010-2017监测年大理州流感哨点医院累积监测流感样病例17 628例,ILI%为1. 42%。流感样病例数最高为2016年(2 726例),ILI%最高为2010年(2. 00%)。常年有流感样病例分布,流行高峰集中于10月至次年2月。共检测标本6 669例,其中阳性292例,阳性率为4. 38%,阳性率最高为2010年(11. 47%)。检出的阳性标本中,B型所占百分比最高(69. 18%)。B型流感每年都有检出,呈常年流行趋势,除2010年外,其余7年均以B型为主流病毒型。核酸检测阳性率以15～岁最高,学生为高发人群。流感样病例报告以15岁以下儿童为主,其中以0～5岁组最多。高发人群主要为医务人员、离退人员和学生。暴发疫情多发生于冬春交接季和秋冬交接季,学校是疫情的高发场所。结论通过加强流感样病例监测、针对性地加强学校等集体单位的防控工作,在流感高发季节到来前,合理接种流感疫苗并积极开展宣传教育,是预防流感、防止疫情暴发的有效措施。Objective To analyze data including surveillance results of influenza-like illness( ILI),results of the nucleic acid test from Network Laboratory and monitoring results of the ILI outbreaks from 2010 to 2017 so as to understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of ILI and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of ILI in Dali Prefecture. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data from the sentinel hospitals. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from 2010 to2017. Results A total of 17 628 cases of ILI were monitored in the sentinel hospitals from 2010 to 2017. The percentage of ILI was 1. 42%. The highest incidence of ILI was in 2016( 2 726 cases),while the percentage of ILI reached the top in 2010( 2. 00%). ILI cases were observed throughout the year,and the peak occurred during October to February of the next year. The highest incidence was in winter as well as in seasonal alternation between autumn and winter. During the 8 monitoring years,6 669 samples were tested in the influenza network laboratory,the positive rate was 4. 38%( 292 cases),and the highest positive rate was in 2014( 11. 47%). In the positive specimens,69. 18% were type B influenza virus,i. e. the dominant influenza strain. Type B influenza cases were detected every year,showing a perennial epidemic trend. The dominant influenza strain was type B virus in the remaining 7 years except2010. The result of nucleic acid test uncovered that the highest positive rate was in people aged between 15 and25 years old. Medical staff,retirees and students were high-risk groups. ILI cases were reported mainly in children under 15 years of age,with the most frequent reports in children aged between 0 and 5 years old. The positive rate of specimens was the highest in the 5 to 15 years old group,and the high-incidence populations were mainly children and students. The outbreaks occurred mostly in seasonal alternation between winter and spring as well as autumn and winter. Schools are

关 键 词：流感样病例 病原学 监测 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]