中心静脉置管患者血栓形成的相关高危因素及护理  

Related High-risk Factors and Nursing of Thrombosis in Patients Undergoing Central Venous Catheterization

作　　者：夏莉[1] 潘玮瑛 张朝富[1] 卿松[1] XIA Li;PAN Wei-ying;ZHANG Chao-fu;QING Song(Department of Cardiology,Ziyang People's Hospital,Sichuan,641300,China)

机构地区：[1]资阳市人民医院心血管内科,资阳641300

出　　处：《血栓与止血学》2018年第6期1024-1026,共3页Chinese Journal of Thrombosis and Hemostasis

摘　　要：目的分析中心静脉置管患者血栓形成的相关高危因素以及护理干预对策。方法选取我院2016年1月至2016年6月心血管内科及肿瘤内科中心静脉置管患者142例,其中发生相关血栓形成患者23例设置为观察组,另119例患者未发生相关血栓形成设置为对照组,探究中心静脉置管后患者相关血栓形成危险因素。结果观察组男性、年龄≥60岁、右颈内静脉置管、恶性肿瘤、合并心衰形成血栓的比例73.91%、65.22%、56.52%、78.26%、47.83%,较对照组形成血栓的比例51.26%,、38.66%,、30.25%、52.10%、24.37%,显著增高(P <0.05);观察组保持活动度患者血栓的发生率为30.43%,较对照组保持活动度患者血栓的发生率55.56%显著较少(P <0.05);观察组置管时长较对照组显著较长(P <0.05)。结论性别、年龄、右颈内静脉置管、恶性肿瘤、心衰、活动度均是中心静脉置管患者相关血栓形成的危险因素,在置管过程中加强对高危人群的观察和护理工作、提高穿刺技术、规范化护理流程能显著降低相关血栓事件发生率。Objective To analyze the related high-risk factors and nursing intervention of thrombosis in patients undergoing central venous catheterization.Methods A total of 142patients undergoing central venous catheterization in the department of cardiovascular medicine and department of oncology in our hospital between January and June 2016were enrolled in the study,including 23cases with related thrombosis (the observation group)and 119eases without(the control group).Risk factors of ralted thrombosis after central venous catheterization were explored.Results The proportions of male patients,patients age-d ≥60years old,,patients with right internal jugular vein catheterization,patients with malignant tumors and patients with heart failurein,the observation group (73.91%,65.22%,56.52%,78.26%,47.83 %,respectively )were significantly higher than those in the control group (51.26%,38.66%,30.25%,52.10%,24.37%, respectively)(P <0.05 ).The pecentage of patients maintaining range of motion in observation group (30.43%)were significantly higher than that of control group (55.56%)(P <0.05 ).The duration of catheterization in observation group was significantly longer than that in control group (P <0.05 ).Conclusion Gender,age,right internal jugular vein catheterization,malignant tumors,hear failure and range of motion are risk factors related with thrombosis after central venous catheterization.During catheterization, strengthening the observation on high-risk population and nursing work,and improving the skills to puncture and standardize nursing process can significantly reduce the incidence of related thrombosis.

关 键 词：中心静脉置管 血栓形成 高危因素 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]