经济人类学视野下的文化交流与适应性  

Cultural Communication and Adaptability from the Perspective of Economic Anthropology

作　　者：田广[1] 田大卫 王娇 王红 刘瑜 TIAN Guang;TIAN David;WANG Jiao;WANG Hong;LIU Yu

机构地区：[1]汕头大学,广东汕头515041

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2018年第4期67-74,共8页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

摘　　要：经济人类学家在进行决策分析时,应尽量减少对成本与效益分析框架的依赖,同时应加强对认知理论、社会学习、文化传播和信息处理的学习与应用。这一原理对于我国提出的"一带一路"发展倡议,具有重要的参考价值。人类行为模型不可能像工业产品那样,依据成本效益来进行预测或决策。人类在对信息处理的过程中,充满错误、偏见和错误标准,因此往往会错误适应现实社会,或错误应用目标已经发生转移的行为系统模型。民族志资料表明,个人往往缺乏与古典成本效益模型相关的信息,过于依赖偏颇的文化传播而确定行为模式。在具有偏见的文化传播过程中,我们通过选择性模仿某人行为,或选择性接受某些观点,就可逐渐形成在进行民族志研究时,所观察到的经过完美整合过的适应行为模式。Economic anthropologists should reduce the dependence on the cost and benefit analysis framework as much as possible, and strengthen the learning and application of cognitive theory, social learning, cultural communication and information processing. Human behavior models cannot make decisions as cost-effectively as industrial products do. In the process of information processing, human beings are full of errors, prejudices and wrong standards, so they often mis-adapted to the real society, or misapply the behavioral system model whose target has been transferred. Ethnographic data shows that individuals often lack information related to classical cost-benefit models and rely too much on biased cultural communication to determine behavior patterns. In the process of biased cultural communication, we can gradually form the perfectly integrated adaptive behavior patterns observed in ethnographic research by imitating the behavior of someone or accepting certain views selectively.

关 键 词：经济人类学 成本效益决策 行为系统模型 文化演变 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]