宁夏监测点居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行特征及危险因素调查分析  

Investigation of the epidemic characteristics and risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among residents from monitoring point in Ningxia

作　　者：张银娥[1] 吴婷婷 马丽霞[1] 田园[1] 靳雅男 马芳[1] 王晓莉[1] 谢帆[1] ZHANG Yin-e;WU Ting-ting;MA Li-xia;TIAN Yuan;JIN Ya-nan;MA Fang;WANG Xiao-Ii;XIE Fan(Chronic Disease Monitoring Division,Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Yinchuan 750004, China;Health Education Center, Health and Family Planning Bureau of Jinfeng District ,Yinchuan 750004, China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心慢性病监测科,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏银川市金凤区卫生和计划生育局健康教育所,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2018年第3期231-234,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：宁夏卫生和计划生育委员会重点科研项目(2014NW051)

摘　　要：目的了解宁夏监测点居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)的流行特征及危险因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,在宁夏3个监测县(区)的18个村(居)委会抽取40岁及以上人群进行询问调查、身体测量和肺功能检查,并进行危险因素分析。结果共检出COPD患者154例,总患病率为8.56%,男性患病率(12.53%)高于女性(3.87%)(X^2=42.76,P<0.001);40~岁、50~岁、60~岁、≥70岁COPD患病率分别为5.07%、6.69%、15.04%、17.35%,随年龄增高患病率逐渐上升(X^2趋势=40.63,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析示,COPD的主要危险因素有男性(OR=2.832,95%CI:1.443~5.559)、高龄(OR=4.887,95%CI:2.058~11.608)、地区(OR=2.510,95%CI:1.222~5.156)、吸烟(OR=2.261,95%CI:1.370~3.733)、有害气体接触史(OR=2.006,95%CI:1.096~3.670)、木材家具加工及装饰房修职业暴露史(OR=2.660,95%CI:1.271~5.566)。结论宁夏监测点居民COPD患病率较高,主要危险因素是男性、高龄、地区、吸烟、有害气体接触史、木材家具加工及装饰房修职业暴露史。Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease( COPD) on monitoring point in Ningxia. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used in this study. The residents ≥40 years old were selected from 18 villages of three monitoring districts in Ningxia. Interview survey,body measurement and pulmonary function were examined and the risk factors were screened by logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 154 cases of COPD were screened in this study. The overall morbidity of COPD was8. 56%. Prevalence rate in male( 12. 53%) was higher than that in female( 3. 87%)( χ^2= 42. 76,P < 0. 001). The prevalence of COPD was 5. 07%,6. 69%,5. 04% and 17. 35% in 40-,50-,60-and ≥70 years old group respectively. With aging,the prevalence of COPD was increasing( χ^2 trend= 40. 63,P < 0. 001). The main risk factors for COPD were men( OR = 2. 832,95% CI: 1. 443-5. 559),age( OR = 4. 887,95% CI: 2. 058-11. 608),district( OR = 2. 510,95% CI: 1. 222-5. 156),smoke( OR = 2. 261,95% CI: 1. 370-3. 733),history of harmful gas exposure( OR = 2. 006,95%CI: 1. 096-3. 670) and wood or furniture processing and decorating( OR = 2. 660,95% CI: 1. 271-5. 566). Conclusions High risk for COPD in Ningxia monitoring point was related with gender,age,district,smoking,history of harmful gas exposure,wood or furniture processing and decorating.

关 键 词：肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 患病率 危险因素 

分 类 号：R181.13[医药卫生—流行病学]