《现代汉语词典》所收英源外来词使用状况考察  

An Investigation into the Use of English-originated Loanwords in the 6^(th) Edition of the Contemporary Chinese Dictionary

作　　者：刘荣 潘贵生 LIU Rong;PAN Guisheng

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学外国语学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2019年第1期96-105,共10页Applied Linguistics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(17YJA740031);中国外语战略研究中心项目(WYZL201604);太原理工大学校基金项目(2016RS09)的资助

摘　　要：本文基于语言监测理论,采用词汇累加覆盖率计量手段,考察了《现代汉语词典》第6版英源外来词在2013～2016年《人民日报》中的实际使用状况。研究表明,所考察的537条英源外来词中,4年共有83条达到常用词等级,集中分布在科技、经济、民生领域;有109条连续4年未被使用。逐年使用增加的词有9条,逐年使用下降的词有33条。32对同义译名外来词中,有26对词演变趋势较为明朗,6对词竞争激烈,仍需观察。就整体使用状况而言,汉字词较字母词优势明显。Under the theoretical framework of language monitoring and by using the method of cumulative vocabulary coverage analysis,this article selects English-originated loan words from the sixth edition of the Contemporary Chinese Dictionary( CCD) and investigates their use in the corpus of People’s Daily from 2013 to 2016. The findings show that among the 537 loanwords,83 have reached the level of commonly-used words,appearing in the fields of science and technology,economy and livelihood. Secondly,109 loanwords are not used in the four consecutive years. Thirdly,9 loanwords increase and 33 decrease annually in terms of the frequency of use. Fourthly,among the 32 pairs of synonymous loanwords,26 pairs have a clear trend of evolution,but 6 pairs are in the fierce competition concerning the forms of synonyms, which remain to be further examined. Lastly,in terms of overall use,Chinese characters are used overwhelmingly more than that of lettered words originated from English.

关 键 词：英源外来词 语言监测 使用状况 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]