医护人员接种流感疫苗的获益与相关问题  

Benefits and related problems of influenza immunization for health care workers

作　　者：胡兢晶[1] 谭琪琪 苏海浩[1] 王林凎 伍苑宾[1] 王波[1] Hu Jingjing;Tan Qiqi;Su Haihao;Wang Lin′gan;Wu Yuanbin;Wang Bo(Department of Pediatric Respiratory, Guangdong Women and Children′s Hospital, Guangzhou 511442, China)

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院儿科呼吸科,广州511442

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2019年第2期120-125,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：接种流感疫苗是预防流感及其并发症最有效的措施。医护人员是流感暴露的高风险人群,自身患病率高且易导致流感在院内的传播,增加患者患病及重症和死亡的风险。提高医护人员流感疫苗接种率,不仅能降低医护人员流感的患病率、保障流行时期诊疗服务的正常运转,还能减少患者及高危人群重症和死亡的发生,提高全人群的接种率。目前医护人员流感疫苗的接种率普遍较低,其原因主要在于对疫苗存在一定的顾虑及误解,应实施多种策略大力提高医护人员流感疫苗的接种率。Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza and severe outcoming caused by influenza viruses.Health care workers(HCW) are exposed to patients with influenza and they are at high risk of occupationally acquired influenza and of causing nosocomial infection among patients, increasing the incidence rate, the risk of severe and death of patients.Improving the influenza immunization in HCW can not only reduce the prevalence of themselves and keep a weel-oiled of health care facilities during the influenza seasons, but also reduce the risk of severe and death among patients and increase the influenza vaccine uptake in whole population.At present, the influenza immunization coverage of HCW is low.The obstacles and myths of influenza vaccine are barriers for vaccine uptake among HCW.The various strategies are critical in order to improve the influenza coverage rates of HCW.

关 键 词：流感 疫苗 医护人员 发病率 死亡 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]