支气管哮喘患儿流感疫苗的合理应用  

Reasonable application of influenza vaccine in children with asthma

作　　者：张奕[1] 曹玲[1] Zhang Yi;Cao Ling(Department of Respiration, Children′s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院呼吸内科,北京100020

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2019年第2期125-128,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：近20余年来我国儿童支气管哮喘(哮喘)的患病率呈明显上升趋势,呼吸道病毒感染是我国儿童哮喘主要诱发因素之一。在冬季,流感病毒感染是哮喘患儿哮喘恶化和住院的潜在原因,而且哮喘患儿流感相关并发症的风险也明显增加。每年接种流感疫苗是预防流感、减少流感相关并发症的最有效措施。但目前哮喘患儿流感疫苗接种率普遍较低,主要因为患儿及家长担心哮喘恶化或对疫苗中残留鸡蛋白的过敏反应。因此,哮喘患儿流感疫苗如何合理应用备受大家关注。基于以上情况,作者通过在PubMed、万方数据库检索关键词:支气管哮喘、鸡蛋过敏、流感、疫苗,查阅了近20年的国内外关于流感疫苗在哮喘患儿中应用的综述、指南,介绍流感疫苗的概况,阐述哮喘和/或鸡蛋过敏患者接种流感疫苗的安全性及有效性。The prevalence rate of asthma in children in China increased significantly in the past 20 years.Respiratory tract virus infection is one of the main inducing factors of asthma in children in China.In winter, influenza virus infection is a potential cause of asthma exacerbation and hospitalization in asthmatic children.The risk of influenza-related complications in asthmatic children is also significantly increased.Annual influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza and reduce the complications associated with influenza.But the influenza vaccine coverage rate is generally low in children with asthma, mainly because they are concerned about the deterioration of asthma or the allergic reaction to egg white residue in the vaccine.Therefore, how to use influenza vaccine in asthmatic children has attracted much attention.Based on the above, the author searched the PubMed, Wanfang database for key words: bronchial asthma, egg allergy, influenza, vaccine, and reviewed the application of influenza vaccine in asthma patients at domestic and foreign reviews and guidelines in the past 20 years.This paper first introduces the general situation of influenza vaccine, and then describes the safety and efficacy of influenza vaccination in asthmatic and/or egg allergy patients.

关 键 词：哮喘 儿童 鸡蛋过敏 流感疫苗 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]