高危新生儿的早期干预及脑性瘫痪的早期治疗  

Early intervention in high-risk infants with cerebral palsy

作　　者：黄真[1] 苏伟[1] 席宇诚[1] 王素环[2] 周丛乐[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院物理医学与康复科,100034 [2]北京大学第一医院小儿科,100034

出　　处：《中国康复医学杂志》2002年第2期97-99,共3页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

摘　　要：目的 :通过探索脑性瘫痪高危新生儿早期干预和康复治疗的方法 ,并观察其疗效 ,试图降低脑瘫的发生率 ,减轻脑瘫的伤残程度。方法 :对 90例平均月龄为 (3 .83± 2 .56)m的可疑脑瘫高危儿及脑瘫患儿 ,进行早期干预和康复治疗。康复评定采用Gesell量表、小儿神经系统检查法及脑瘫功能评定等综合方法。结果 :经过约 2年的康复治疗和追踪观察 ,2 2例治疗前明确诊断脑瘫的患儿 ,68.2 %治愈 ,1 8.2 %临界正常 ,1 3 .6 %异常。可疑脑瘫早期的 68例高危新生儿 ,除 3例失访外 ,65例全部成为正常儿。早产儿、低出生体重儿、窒息儿、缺氧缺血性脑病患儿等高危新生儿的脑瘫发生率也明显降低。结论 :对高危新生儿的早期干预可以降低脑瘫后遗症的发生。脑瘫的早期康复治疗可以达到治愈的效果 。Objective: Because of improvement in obstetrical and neonated care, the perinatal mortality is decreased, yet infants at high risk cerebral palsy (CP) are increased. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the method of early intervention in high risk infants, in order to reduce the sequelae of brain damages. Method: Ninety infants (61 boys, 29 girls) ranging from 12 days to 12 months (average age: 3.83±2.56 months) underwent an early intervention program. Sixty-eight of them were suspected as high risk infants of CP, and the other 22 infants (average age: 4.74±2.77 months) were diagnosed CP already. The Gesell Scale of Infant Development and neurologic examination were used for evaluation. Result: After 2 years early rehabilitation and follow-up, 68.2% infants with CP were cured, 18.2% were at borderline and only 13.6% were still abnormal. Sixty-eight infants with suspected CP developed normal except 3 of them were lost to follow-up. The prevalence of CP among the infants with premature, low birth weight, apnea and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathies were reduced significantly. Conclusion: The sequelae of brain damages could be reduced by early intervention of high risk infants of CP, and the cured effect could be achieved by early rehabilitation in infants with CP.

关 键 词：高危新生儿 脑性瘫痪 早期干预 康复 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]