双条杉天牛生物学特性研究  

Researches on Biological Characters of Semanotus bifasciatus

作　　者：梁修山 张梅 徐光余 熊登华 

机构地区：[1]安徽省六安市森林病虫害防治检疫站,六安237002 [2]六安市林业科学研究所 [3]六安市裕安区森林病虫害防治检疫站 [4]金寨县马宗岭林场

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2002年第1期20-24,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

摘　　要：双条杉天牛 Semanotusbif asciatus(Matsch)是柏类植物的主要蛀干害虫 ,也是杉木主要蛀干害虫之一 ,同时也是我国森林植物检疫对象。通过研究结果表明 :此虫在皖西大别山林区 1年发生 1代 (或 2年发生 1代 ) ,以成虫 (或幼虫 )在树干内越冬 ,越冬成虫在树干内停留 1 73～ 1 89d。翌年 3月下旬后 ,成虫咬破树皮爬出羽化孔活动 3 4～ 47d,其自然成化率平均为 1 2 .2 0 %～ 1 4.98%。成虫出孔 5 2 h后开始交尾 ,交配雌虫 1 8h后陆续产卵 ,经历 1 6～ 2 0 d后孵化 ,孵化率高低受 4月月候气温的影响 ,候日均温以 1 8.6～ 2 0 .6℃为宜 ,孵化率可达 74.74%～ 82 .3 5 %。 4月中下旬出现幼虫 ,幼虫在 7、 8月份取食量最大 ,平均每天为 1 .2～ 1 .6cm2 ,幼虫期 1 3 2～ 1 44 d,保存率为 1 4.71 %～ 44.44%。 9月中旬后化蛹 ,蛹期 1 2～ 1 5 d。 9月下旬至 1 0月上中旬羽化 ,成虫寿命 2 0 7～ 2 3 6d。Semanotus bifasciatus (Matsch) is not only a main trunk pest of Cupressaceae plants and a main pest of Cumninghamia lanceolata (Lamb) Hak,but also a kind of quarantine objects in China.This result shows that this pest has one generation within one or two years in Dabie Mountains forests.The imago or the larva hides in the trunks for 173～189 days in winter.In late March of the next year,the imago comes out of the emergence holes by biting the bark and live for 34～47 days.The mean natural living rate is only 6 45%～21 05%. The imago begin to mate in 52 hours and the mated females begin to lay in 18 hours. The hatching period is 16～20 days. The hatching rate is influenced by the temperature in April. The proper mean temperature per five day is 18 6～20 6℃,which makes the hatching rate higher ranging from 74 74% to 82 35%.The larva appears in the mid and late April. The largest eating amount appears in July and August and the eating area is 1 2～1 6 cm 2 each larva per day.The living period of the larva is 132～144 days.The living rate is 14 71%～44 44%. After the middle September,they begin to pupate.The period of the pupa is 12～15 days. They begin to emerge in the late Sep, to the early or mid Oct. The longevity of the adult is 207～236 days.

关 键 词：双条杉天牛 生物学特性 森林害虫 柏树 杉木 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学] S763.38[农业科学—林学]