棘突截骨椎管成形术治疗退行性腰椎疾病  

Treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal disorder by enlargement of the spinal canal with spinous process osteotomy

作　　者：郭立新 刘蜀彬 马远征 陈兴 

机构地区：[1]解放军第三九医院骨科,北京100091

出　　处：《中华骨科杂志》2002年第3期141-144,共4页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics

摘　　要：目的采用棘突截骨椎管成形术治疗退行性腰椎疾病,术后进行临床与影像学评估。方法术式为后正中切口,显露一侧椎板后在棘突基底部截骨,并将棘突-韧带-骶棘肌推离对侧椎板,完成全椎板显露。切除椎板上、下缘和黄韧带,并潜式扩大中央椎管和神经根管或摘除椎间盘。应用此术式治疗退行性腰椎管狭窄症、腰椎间盘突出合并发育性腰椎管狭窄症、腰椎间盘中央型突出钙化、腰椎黄韧带骨化患者共37例。其中单节段减压24例,两节段减压13例。术后进行Oswestry疗效评分与影像学观察。结果术后1年随访34例,疗效优良率为82.4%;术后3年随访27例,疗效优良率为81.5%。术后CT显示椎管直径明显增加,棘突截骨愈合率为87%。结论棘突截骨椎管成形术操作简单,手术并发症少,对腰椎后柱张力带结构破坏小,主椎管和侧椎管减压充分,是治疗退行性腰椎疾病疗效较为满意的一种术式。Objective To evaluate the surgical outcomes in patients with lumbar disorder treated with enlargement of the spinal canal through spinous process osteotomy. Methods Posterior central incision was used for unilateral exposure of lamina. Osteotomy was done at the base of the spinous process; complete exposure of the lamina was done by retracting the interspinous and supraspinous ligaments. Ligament flaven was resected at the superior and inferior margin of the lamina. Undermining enlargment of the central spinal canal and the neural canal were then carried out; in some cases the intervertebral disc was resected. Thirty seven patients suffered from lumbar spinal stenosis were treated with the above mentioned procedure; among them decompression of a single segment was done in 24 cases, in two segments in 13 cases. Postoperatively, Oswestry evaluation score and imaging observation were carried out. Results Thirty four cases had follow up for one year and the excellent and good results was seen in 82.4%; 27 cases had follow up of 3 years, the rate of excellent and good results was 81.5%. Both sagittal and transverse diameter of lumbar vertebrae canal were increased notably in postoperative CT scanning. 87% of osteotomized spinous processes had bony fusion. Conclusion Spinal canal plasty by spinous process osteotomy for patients with lumbar disorders affords easy performing procedure with less complications and satisfactory surgical results.

关 键 词：腰椎椎管狭窄 减压术 退行性腰椎疾病 棘突截骨椎管成形术 

分 类 号：R681.53[医药卫生—骨科学]