植被变化对中国区域气候的影响Ⅱ:机理分析  

THE EFFECTS OF VEGETATION CHANGE ON REGIONAL CLIMATE Ⅱ: MECHANISMS

作　　者：郑益群[1] 钱永甫[1] 苗曼倩[1] 于 革[2] 孔玉寿[3] 章东华[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学系,南京210093 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008 [3]中国人民解放军理工大学气象学院,南京211101

出　　处：《气象学报》2002年第1期17-30,共14页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(49735170;40102015);中国科学院创新课题(KZCX2-108及KZCX2-314-3);博士后基金。

摘　　要：在利用区域气候模式（RegCM2）对中国植被变化的气候影响进行了数值模拟研究的基础上,该文着重对其中可能的机理进行了分析,结果表明:植被变化对地-气系统的能量平衡具有重要影响。植被变化使地表释放的有效通量（感热+潜热）发生变化,同时有效通量中的感热。潜热分配,即波恩比亦会发生改变,从而导致大气湿静力能分布的变化,使大气层结及垂直运动发生相应改变,这会进一步影响到大气水汽输送情况,井与相应的垂直运动变化结合最终导致降水的变化。另外,由于植被变化造成的地表蒸散及上壤持水能力的变化,会使土壤含水量、地表径流等也发生明显的变化。In the context of a regional climate model (RegCM2), simulation is undertaken of climatic effects of changed vegetation over China with their possible mechanisms studied, reaching results which show that the changes of vegetation exert an important influence on land-air energy equilibrium. Moreover, surf ace-released effective thermal fluxes (sensible and latent heat) follow the change in vegetation and so does their Bowen ratio, thereby resulting in the change in moist static energy distribution in the atmosphere, followed by corresponding alteration of atmospheric stratification and vertical motion, which, in turn, affects vapor transportation that, in connection with changed rising, leads to rainfall variation. In addition, the soil water content and land surface runoff may arise an evident change due to the variation of land surface evapotranspiration and soil water containing capacity.

关 键 词：植被变化 区域气候 数值模拟 机理分析 中国 感热 潜热 土壤含水量 

分 类 号：P463[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P461.7