煤等离子体热解制乙炔工艺的工程探讨  

Discussion on acetylene production by coal plasma pyrolysis

作　　者：田原宇[1] 黄伟[1] 鲍为仁[1] 谢克昌[2] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学一碳化学与化工国家重点实验室,太原030024 [2]太原理工大学煤科学与技术山西省重点实验室,太原030024

出　　处：《现代化工》2002年第2期7-10,共4页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目 (1 99350 1 0 );国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G1 9990 2 2 1 0 6)

摘　　要：与传统的煤 炼焦 电石 乙炔的工艺路线相比 ,等离子体裂解煤制取乙炔工艺是一项具有广阔工业前景的新技术 ,它的工业化将推动煤的优化利用。分析了煤和等离子体射流的混合情况、反应时间及急冷方式对乙炔收率的影响 ;探讨了等离子发生器的热效率、成流气的初始温度、反应器的热损失、反应生成物余热回收率、残渣分离、反应气的分离和精制以及成流气的循环能耗等 7因素对等离子体热解煤制乙炔能耗的影响以及长周期生产的影响因素 ;提出了煤间接等离子体热解制乙炔工艺的思路 ,可以克服煤直接等离子体热解制乙炔工艺中的部分缺陷 ,消除煤种对裂解原料的限制。The process for acetylene production by coal plasma pyrolysis is a new technology with promising prospect compared with the traditional coal-char-calcium carbide-acetylene process. Its commercialization will promote the optimal utilization of coal. Effects of the mixing of coal and plasma jet, the reaction time and the quenching fashion on acetylene yield were analyzed. Effects of 7 factors on acetylene energy consumption were discussed. They included the thermal efficiency of plasma generator, the initial temperature of work gas, the thermal loss of reactor, the waste heat recovery of reaction products, the separation of residue, the separation and refining of reacting gases and the recycling energy loss of work gas. Some factors affecting long-cycle production were also discussed. The concept of producing acetylene by coal plasma indirect pyrolysis was raised. The new process can overcome some defects in coal plasma direct pyrolysis and remove limitations on feedstock imposed by the coal type.

关 键 词：等离子体 煤热解 乙炔 收率 能耗 长周期生产 工艺路线 

分 类 号：TQ221.242[化学工程—有机化工]