兔坐骨神经火器伤模型的建立与选择  

Establishment and Evaluation of the Model of the Sciatic Nerve Firearm Injury in Rabbit

作　　者：王贵波 李兵仓[1] 王建民[1] 黄宏[1] 陈蕾[1] 许川[1] 张良潮[1] 王晓芹 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学附属大坪医院野战外科研究所第六研究室,重庆,400042 [2]本所药理教研室,400038

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》2002年第1期54-56,共3页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规化专项经费资助项目 ( 973项目G19990 5 42 0 6)

摘　　要：目的　建立并评价兔坐骨神经火器伤模型。方法　实验用大耳白兔 2 6只根据致伤钢珠质量和装药量随机分为 5组 ,其中A、B、C组用 0 3 8g钢珠 ,装药量分别为 0 3 5g、0 65g和 1 2 0g ;D、E组用 1 0 3g钢珠 ,装药量分别为 0 3 5g和 0 65g。致伤靶点为兔右后肢外侧坐骨神经体表投影线中点。观察指标有致伤钢珠入出口速度、传递能量、伤道入出口大小、骨折与血管伤发生情况、坐骨神经干损伤长度、坐骨神经病理变化。结果　A组 ( 62 1 6m s)和D组 ( 5 94 6m s)的致伤速度偏低 ,C组的 ( 12 99 8m s)偏高 ,B组 ( 93 9 8m s)和E组 ( 816 1m s)的较接近。A组 ( 18 7J)和D组 ( 4 4 2J)的传递能量较小 ,未合并骨折和血管伤 ,伤情较轻。C组 ( 183 2J)和E组 ( 165 2J)的传递能量较大 ,合并骨折和血管伤机率高 ,伤情较重。B组的传递能量适中 ( 80 0J) ,合并骨折和血管伤机率小。B、C、E组均可见典型坐骨神经火器伤病理改变 ,A、D组坐骨神经损伤程度较B、C、E组的轻。结论　在B组致伤条件下 ,既易造成典型的兔坐骨神经火器伤 ,也适于周围神经火器伤需长期观察的实验要求。Objective To establish and evaluate the model of the sciatic nerve fire\|arm injury of rabbit.Methods According to the mass of steel ball and the charge, 26 rabbits were divided into 5 groups at random, 0.38g steel balls were used in the groups A,B and C, whose charges were 0.35?g,0.65g and 1.20g respectively; 1.03g steel balls were used in the groups D and E, whose charges were 0.35g and 0.65g respectively. The target was the midpoint of the lateral body surface projection of the right sciatic nerve. Velocity,transmission energy,wound tract dimension,occurrence of fracture and blood vessel injury,length of the injured sciatic nerve and the pathologic changes of the injured sciatic nerve were observed.Results The steel ball velocity of groups A,B,C,D,E were 621 6,939 8,1299 8,594 6 and 816 1m/s respectively. The transmission energies of groups C and E were 183\^2 and 165\^2J respectively, which were too high; the transmission energies of groups A and D were 18\^7 and 44\^2J respectively, which were too low; The transmission energy of group B was 80\^0J, which was well suitable. More fracture and blood vessel injury were found in groups C and E. Typical sciatic nerve pathologic changes were found in groups B,C and E. Conclusion Under the condition of group B, typical sciatic nerve fire\|arm injury could be gained easily, and the long\|term pathological changes of the injured nerve could be observed.

关 键 词：火器伤 坐骨神经损伤 动物模型 

分 类 号：R651.3[医药卫生—外科学] R826.6[医药卫生—临床医学]