洞庭湖区三个湖泊水生植物多样性的比较研究  

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON AQUATIC PLANT DIVERSITY AND ITS LONG-TERM CHANGES IN THE THREE LAKES OF DONGTINGHU DISTRICT IN CHINA

作　　者：简永兴[1] 王建波[1] 何国庆[1] 陈家宽[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生命科学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2002年第2期160-167,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助 (项目编号 :3989336 0 ;30 1 70 1 77)

摘　　要：比较研究了洞庭湖区华容县东湖、益阳市大通湖和岳阳市郊南湖水生植物多样性的现状 ,讨论了 3 0年来 3个湖泊水生植物多样性丧失的情况及与其所受人为干扰的关系 ,探讨了野菱、密齿苦草和菹草对人为干扰的适应机制、大通湖和南湖水生植物多样性及其退化水生态系统恢复的途径。主要结论如下 :(1 ) 1 999- 2 0 0 0年东湖、大通湖与南湖各分布有水生植物6 1种、5 6种和 3 2种 ,其分别隶属于 2 9科 43属、2 6科 3 9属和 2 0科 2 7属 ;各有水生植物群丛8个、6个和 4个 ;水生植被覆盖率分别为 2 6 .1 7%、1 0 .6 0 %和 9.99%。 (2 ) 3 0年来三个湖泊分别有 3种、9种和 1 3种水生植物消失 ,2个、5个和 5个水生植物群丛类型消失。 (3 )水生植物多样性的现状是 :东湖 >大通湖 >南湖 。The aquatic plant diversity and its long term changes in the three lakes of Dongtinghu District in China were comparatively studied in this paper The adaptive mechanisms of Trapa incisa, Vallisneria denseserrulata and Potamogeton crispus to human disturbance were also investigated Besides, the approaches to restore the aquatic plant diversity and the degraded aquatic ecosystems of Lake Datonghu and Nanhu were suggested The main results are:(1) During 1999-2000,61,56 and 32 aquatic plant species were recorded in Lake Donghu,Datonghu and Nanhu,respectively.And 8 and 6 aquatic plant associations were identified in Lake Donghu and Datonghu, respectively, whereas only 4 associations were found in Lake Nanhu The respective aquatic vegetation coverage of the three lakes were 26 17%,10 60% and 9 99% (2) Comparaed with the studies in the early 1970s ,3,9 and 13 aquatic plant species,2,5 and 5 aquatic plant associations were found to have disappeared from Lake Donghu, Datonghu and Nanhu, respectively (3) The results indicated that the aquatic plant diversity in the three lakes is in the order of Lake Donghu>Datonghu>Nanhu at present, and the decrease of aquatic plant diversity in the three lakes were positively related to the intensity of human disturbance

关 键 词：东湖 大通湖 南湖 水生植物 多样性 长期变化 洞庭湖区 湖泊 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]