Characteristics of Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Membrane-lipid Peroxidation of Various High-yield Rices Under Photooxidation Conditions  

在光氧化条件下不同类型高产稻的叶绿素荧光特性和膜脂过氧化特点(英文)

作　　者：黄雪清[1] 焦德茂[1] 李霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业生物遗传生理研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》2002年第3期279-286,共8页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19980 10 10 0 )~~

摘　　要：Using various high-yield rices (Oryza sativa L.) such as japonica cultivar 9516, two parental line hybrid rice between subspecies with more japonica element Peiai 64/E32, Liangyoupeijiu (Peiai 64/9311), and indica hybrid rices X07S/Zihui 100, Gangyou 881, Shanyou 63 as the materials, the characteristics of chlorophyll fluorescence and membrane-lipid peroxidation of detached leaves at booting stage under photooxidation conditions were studied. In comparison with indica hybrid rice, after the photooxidation treatment, the primary photochemical efficiency of PS II (F-v/F-m), quantum yield of linear electron transport of PS II (Phi(PSII)) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) in japonica cultivar and hybrid rice with japonica decreased less. This indicated that high-yield rice with japonica was able to maintain higher capability of light energy conversion, resulting in the alleviation of photoinhibition. Meanwhile, the higher activities of protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) led to the less accumulation of endogenous active oxygen (O-(2)(radical anion), H2O2) and less content of the malondialdehyde (MDA) and the less decline of chlorophyll and protein contents, indicating a stronger tolerance to photooxidation. The changes in contents of chlorophyll and protein among various nee cultivars during photooxidation treatment were consistent with the decline of chlorophyll content from heading stage to maturation stage under natural conditions. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the indexes of tolerance to photooxidation and the rate of seed setting, implying that the cultivar tolerated to photooxidation had higher resistance to early aging of leaf. These results suggested that from a view of superhigh-yield breeding, considering both the utilization of heterosis and the resistance to early aging of leaf, introduction of japonica element tolerating to photooxidation into the rice sterile line (maternal plant) is a breed用不同类型高产稻 (OryzasativaL .)粳稻 95 16、具有粳型成分的两系法亚种间杂交稻培矮 6 4/E32、两优培九(培矮 6 4/ 9311)和籼型杂交稻X0 7S/紫恢 10 0、冈优 881、汕优 6 3为材料 ,研究了孕穗期叶片在光氧化条件下的叶绿素荧光特性和膜脂过氧化表现。光氧化处理后 ,与籼型杂交稻比较 ,粳稻和具有粳型组分的亚种间杂交稻的PSⅡ原初光化学效率 (Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ的线性电子传递的量子效率 (ΦPSⅡ)和光化学猝灭系数 (qP)下降的较少 ;超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、过氧化物酶 (POD)诱导的活性较高 ,活性氧 (O-·2 、H2 O2 )和丙二醛 (MDA)的产生积累较少 ,叶绿素和蛋白质含量下降较少 ,表现出耐光氧化特性 ,这与在自然条件下生育后期叶绿素含量变化相一致。相关分析表明它们的耐光氧化特性与结实率密切相关 ,说明耐光氧化品种抗早衰 ,有利籽粒充实。这些结果启示我们 :从超高产育种出发 ,兼顾杂种优势利用和抗早衰两方面考虑 ,在母本不育系中引入粳型成分是一个值得重视的育种策略。

关 键 词：RICE PHOTOOXIDATION chlorophyll fluorescence membrane-lipid peroxidation 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]