半金属摩擦材料的摩擦磨损性能及磨屑形貌  

Frictional and wear characteristics of three types of semi-metallic friction materials

作　　者：苏堤[1] 潘运娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学粉末冶金研究所,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南工业大学学报》2002年第2期170-172,共3页Journal of Central South University of Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目 (96 A0 8 0 2 0 3 )

摘　　要：采用D MS定速式摩擦试验机 ,测定 3种金属纤维 (钢纤维、黄铜纤维和紫铜纤维 )增强的半金属摩擦材料与灰铸铁在不同温度下滑动摩擦的摩擦磨损性能 ,并收集磨屑 ,借助SEM扫描电子显微镜 ,观察、分析磨屑的形貌 ,研究材料磨损的内在机制 .研究结果表明 :紫铜纤维增强的摩擦材料与灰铸铁间的摩擦因数最稳定 ,磨损率最低 ;低温时 ,3种材料的磨屑均比较细小 ,在少数大颗粒的表面可以观察到较深的划痕 ,有的带有明显的裂纹 ,说明该磨损主要由犁沟及微切削作用引起 ;高温时 ,磨屑多呈较大的块状或薄片状 ,这是粘结剂的高温分解和摩擦表面膜的热裂分解所致 ;对于铜纤维 (黄铜或紫铜 ) ,在摩擦过程中还会发生铜在对偶表面的涂抹现象 。Using a D MS friction tester, the friction and wear characteristics of a friction couple of semi metallic friction material and grey cast iron are tested. The wear debris is corrected and its morphology is then observed by SEM method for analyzing wear characteristics. The results show that friction material reinforced by pure copper fiber shows more stable coefficient of friction and lower wear rate. At lower temperatures, abrasive wear and adhesive wear play a key role in material wear, and the wear debris is very small, while at higher temperatures, the degradation of organic material and friction film is the main reasons for material wear. As to materials reinforced by copper fiber, the copper can smear to the surface of grey cast iron and it plays an important role in material properties and wear characteristics.

关 键 词：磨损性能 磨屑形貌 半金属摩擦材料 汽车 摩擦 制动器 

分 类 号：U463.510.4[机械工程—车辆工程]