折流器体型对突扩突跌掺气空腔特性的影响  

Effect of the lateral deflector on cavity design

作　　者：聂孟喜[1] 吴广镐[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2002年第4期546-550,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：在突扩突跌掺气设施中 ,为保证掺气效果 ,增加底空腔和侧空腔的长度 ,加设折流器是有效的工程措施。试验证明 ,折流器坡度和高度对空腔长度均有影响 ,较高的折流器明显增加空腔长度 ,且使底空腔与侧空腔贯通 ,有利于底空腔充分掺气。回溯水流使底空腔变短 ,有效空腔长度是影响掺气效果的重要因素。在空腔长度的计算中应综合考虑 ,顶板坡角 ,跌坎挑角和折流器体型的影响 ,得出的计算公式有实际应用和理论意义。The lengths of the bottom and side cavities can be increased by installing a lateral deflector in the aerator with a large vertical drop and sudden lateral enlargement. Experiments showed that the height and slope of the lateral deflector affected the cavity lengths. A higher deflector increasesd the cavity lengths and caused the flow in the bottom cavity to be combined with the flow with lateral cavity which increased cacuaed air entrainmeat in the bottom cavity. The reversed flow in the bottom cavity reduced the bottom cavity length. The bottom cavity length was found to be closely related to the air entrainmeat in water. The outlet slope, the sill bucket angle and the configuration of the lateral deflector all must be considered when analyzing the cavity length. The new formulas for the cavity length given in this paper will be very useful in practice.

关 键 词：掺气 折流器 底空腔 侧空腔 射流 试验 

分 类 号：TV131.34[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV131.6