难以实现的平衡——中美肯定性行动政策比较研究  

Unachievable Balance:A Comparative Study on Affirmative Action Program Policies of the United States & China

作　　者：石培培[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院美国研究所,北京100720

出　　处：《甘肃行政学院学报》2014年第3期14-23,125,共10页Journal of Gansu Administration Institute

基　　金：复旦大学陈树渠比较政治研究中心年度课题(CCPDS-FudanNDKT13047)阶段性成果

摘　　要：从上世纪60年代以来,为消除族群、性别歧视为目的而实施的美国的肯定性行动政策,实施过程中在社会各领域形成较大的争议。在公共政策层面上,美国在肯定性行动调整过程中保持着较高的灵活性,对维护美国社会族群平衡起到了积极的推动作用。美国肯定性行动计划与我国民族优惠政策有很多较为相似的地方。本文对美国肯定性政策与我国民族优惠政策的异同进行系统对比,并以加州高校录取改革个案为例,就美国如何及时修正调整肯定性行动,实现社会新的动态平衡进行剖析,为我国民族优惠政策的调整提供借鉴。Affirmative action,which came into effect in the United States in the late 1960 s with the intent to eliminate racial, ethnic, and gender differences in access to economic opportunity, has arguably been one of the most contentious public policies implemented in America. On public policy issues,the US government has maintained noticeable flexibility in policy adjustment, which has played an active role to preserve the social minority balance. The policy in USA is somewhat alike the minority policy in China. This study will focus on the system comparison between affirmative action in America and the ethnic policy in China and analyze on the social dynamic balance through the case study in California education lawsuit. Positive experiences and negative lessons can be introduced to the ethnic policy adjustment in our country.

关 键 词：肯定性行动计划 民族优惠政策 公共政策比较研究 民族政策研究 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]