无速度传感器的永磁同步电机无差拍直接转矩控制方法  

Deadbeat direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motor without speed sensor

作　　者：王斌[1] 王跃[2] 王兆安[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安高压电器研究院有限责任公司,陕西西安710075 [2]西安交通大学电气工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2014年第6期42-49,共8页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50707025)

摘　　要：针对传统永磁同步电机直接转矩控制方法中存在的转矩脉动大、开关频率不恒定等问题,提出了一种永磁同步电机无差拍直接转矩控制方法。为了使系统工作于无速度传感器状态,提出了一种简单实用的基于转子磁链的转速辨识方法。基于永磁同步电机的数学模型,通过计算在一个控制周期内能同时精确补偿转矩误差和磁链误差的空间电压矢量,得出了基于磁链与转矩的无差拍控制方法。利用转子磁链旋转速度与电机转速(电角速度)完全一致的特点,提出了一种简单实用的转速辨识方法,并将此转速辨识方法与无差拍直接转矩控制方法相结合。对传统直接转矩控制方法和提出的改进型控制方法分别进行了仿真与实验对比。分析结果表明,相对于传统直接转矩控制方法,所提方法能够明显减小磁链与转矩脉动,并且保持了传统直接转矩控制中转矩动态响应快的优点。转速辨识方法能够快速、准确地提供转速信号。仿真与实验结果验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。Aiming at the problems of the traditional direct torque control（DTC） method for permanent magnet synchronous motor（PMSM） such as large torque ripple and variable switching frequency,a control strategy named deadbeat direct torque control method is presented.At the same time,in order to make the system work in the state of no speed sensor,a simple and practical method of speed identification based on rotor flux was also presented in this paper.Based on the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor,the space voltage vector in a control cycle which accurately compensate for the torque error and flux error was calculated and the flux and torque was controled in deadbeat fashion.With the principle that the rotor flux velocity and motor speed （electric angular velocity） are completely consistent,a simple and practical method of rotation speed identification was presented in this paper,and the speed identification method and the deadbeat control method were combined in the proposed direct torque control system.The traditional direct torque control method and the proposed control method were studied in simulation and experiments.The results show that the proposed method can obviously reduce the flux and torque ripple and keeps the advantages of fast torque dynamic response of the direct torque control.Speed identification method can provide speed signal quickly and accurately.So the simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility and validity of this method.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 无差拍控制 磁链与转矩脉动 转速辨识 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]