外源染色体在不同小麦背景中的遗传稳定性  

Genetic Stability of Alien Chromosome in Wheats with Different Genetic Background

作　　者：李桂萍[1] 傅兆麟[1] 宋运贤[1] 刘佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学生命科学学院/资源植物学安徽省重点实验室,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第6期1253-1255,共3页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学研究项目(KJ2009B144);安徽省高校青年教师科研资助计划项目(2008jql075)

摘　　要：为了研究易位染色体在不同小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）背景中的遗传稳定性,本研究利用高抗白粉病的普通小麦-簇毛麦（Haynaldia villosa L.）6VS/6AL易位系92R149与不抗白粉病的栽培品种皖麦52、烟农19、皖麦55和淮麦20进行杂交.通过对杂种F1代的花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ的细胞学观察和自交结实率调查,结果表明,在减数分裂中期Ⅰ,易住染色体能够与普通小麦的相应染色体正常配对,主要形成棒状二价体;各杂交F1的自交结实率为92.54％～94.87％,平均值为93.80％,说明这个易位系与不同小麦品种杂交能够正常结实.对各杂交F2代植株进行苗期抗病性鉴定,结果表明,4个不同小麦背景的杂种F2代的抗病植株占总植株数的比例分别为70.7％、72.5％、73.6％和69.8％,平均值为71.7％,经Х^2检验,抗病与感病植株的比值符合1对完全显性基因的分离比例,说明6VS所携Pm^21基因在不同小麦遗传背景中基本上按显性单基因遗传,并能很好地表达.In order to study genetic stability of alien chromosome in different genetic background,the 6VS/6AL translocation line 92R149 （highly resistant to powdery mildew） was crossed with common wheat varieties Wanmai No.52,Yannong No.19,Wanmai No.55 and Huaimai No.20.F1 PMC at MI was used to observe the pairing of alien translocation chromosome of F1 with different wheat background.The results showed that the rod bivalent formed by translocation chromosome and common wheat chromosome was observed in （translocation line × different varieties） F1 plants.The seed setting of F1 was between 92.54% and 94.87% with the average of 93.80%,indicating that the F1 plants derived from the cross between the translocation line and different wheat varieties could normally be self-pollinated to produce fertile seed.In F2,the percentage of disease-resistant plant accounting for the total plants tested from 4 wheats with different background were 70.7%,72.5%,73.6% and 69.8%,respectively.The average was 71.7%.Through Х^2 test,it is indicated that Pm^21 gene of 6VS could inherit with one dominant gene in wheat with different background and express well.

关 键 词：小麦(Triticum AESTIVUM L ) 簇毛麦 易位系 遗传稳定性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S336