四川泸山猕猴的冬季生境选择  

Winter Habitat Selection of Macaca mulatta in Lu Mountain, Sichuan Province

作　　者：亓东明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西昌学院动物科学学院,四川西昌615013

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第6期1359-1363,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省教育厅青年基金项目(10ZB054);西昌学院人才引进项目(YJSSA0802;YJSA0606)

摘　　要：2012年11月至2013年2月,对四川西昌市泸山景区猕猴的生境选择特征进行了调查.根据观察到的猕猴活动痕迹和位置,共设置10 m×=0m的样方87个,对12个生态因子（食物丰盛度、地形、海拔高度、坡位、坡向、坡度、郁闭度、植被类型、离水源距离、人为活动干扰、平均胸径、隐蔽度）进行了分析.结果表明,泸山猕猴喜好选择的生境特征为愿意靠近人类活动地区（≤10m）、较好的食物丰盛度、山坡面、海拔1 600～2 000m、东坡和北坡坡向、靠近水源（≤800 m）、郁闭度＞30％、阔叶林和针阔混交林、树木平均胸径＞10 em、隐蔽度较高.猕猴对生境中的坡度、坡住等无明显偏好.对12个生态因子进行了主成分分析的结果表明,前4个主成分的特征值均大于1,其累积贡献率达到69.067％,可以较好地反映猕猴的冬季生境特征.即影响泸山猕猴的生态因子主要有郁闭度、隐蔽度、食物丰盛度、坡向和人为活动干扰等.The habitat selection characteristics of Macaca mulatta in Lu Mountain during November 2012 to February 2013 were investigated.According to the observed action tracks and locates,87 samples （10 m×10 m） and 12 ecological factors （such as food abundance,terrain,altitude,slope position,slope aspect,slope gradient,canopy density,vegetation type,distance from water resource,human disturbance,average DBH,concealment） were analyzed.The results showed that the characteristics of habitat preferred by Macaca mulatta were approach human activity （≤10 m）,good food abundance,Hillside,altitude from 1 600 to 2 000 m,east and north slope,approach water （≤800 m）,canopy＞30％,broad-leaved forest,coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest,average DBH＞10cm,high concealment.Macaca mulatta had no obvious preference on slope gradient and slope position.The principal component analysis showed that the first 4 factors contributed 69.067％ of the total variance reflecting the characters of habitat in winter.It is indicated that the main ecological factors affecting the Macaca mulatta in Lu Mountain were canopy,concealment,food abundance,slope aspect and human disturbance.

关 键 词：猕猴(Macaca mulatta) 生境选择 四川泸山 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]