气候变化对中国北方荒漠草原植被的影响  

IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON DESERT STEPPE IN NORTHERN CHINA

作　　者：李晓兵[1] 陈云浩[1] 张云霞[1] 范一大[1] 周涛[1] 谢锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学中国生态资产评估研究中心

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2002年第2期254-261,共8页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目"我国生存环境演变和北方干旱化趋势预测研究"(编号 :G19990 4340 4);"草地与农牧交错带生态系统重建机理及优化生态-生产范式"(编号 :G2 0 0 0 0 186 0 4) ;国家自然科学基金项目"基于‘3S’检测我国北方气候变化对植被的影响"

摘　　要：气候变化对陆地生态系统的影响及其反馈是全球变化研究的焦点之一。利用气候变量实现对遥感植被指数所表示的植被绿度信息的模拟 ,可以尝试作为表达生物圈过去和未来状态的一种途径。利用 196 1— 2 0 0 0年的气温、降水和 1983— 1999年的NOAA/AVHRR资料 ,分析了中国北方地带性植被类型荒漠草原植被分布区的短尺度气候的年际和季节变化 ,及其对植被的影响。结果表明 ,过去 4 0年中该区域年际气候变化表现为增温和降水波动。年NDVI的最大值 (NDVImax)可以较好地反映气候的变化 ,过去 17年中NDVImax出现的时间略有提前。综合分析NDVI、植被盖度、NPP、区域蒸散量、土壤含水量及其气候的年际变化 ,表明增温加剧了土壤干旱化 。One of focus of global change research is the impact of climate change on terrestrial ecosystem. It is an approach to research on global change to predict vegetation green up information showed by NDVI using climate variations, because the relationship between NDVI and climate variations can be used to predict past and future status on earth. In this study, impact of short term seasonal and inter annual climate change on zonal desert steppe vegetation in northern China were addressed, by using air temperature and precipitation data from 1961 to 2000 and NOAA/AVHRR NDVI data from 1983 to 1999. The results shown, climate change presented increasing temperature and fluctuant precipitation in the past 40 years,in this region. Annual NDVI max could reflect preferably climate change, and it's outset moved up in past 17 years. Analysis, integrating NDVI, fractional cover, NPP, regional evapotranspiration, soil water content and climate variables, shown that increasing temperature has aggravated soil drought, and precipitation and soil water content was also essential reason to vegetation growth.

关 键 词：遥感 植被绿度信息 土壤干旱化 气候变化 荒漠草原 陆地生态系统 植被 中国北方 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] P467[农业科学—畜牧学]